Do Design Sketches Tell Us How Designers' Ideas Are Related? A Comparison of Functional Similarity Assessment and Designer Concept Mapping.

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Title: Do Design Sketches Tell Us How Designers' Ideas Are Related? A Comparison of Functional Similarity Assessment and Designer Concept Mapping.
Authors: Das, Madhurima1 jmeza@mit.edu, Meza, Jessica2 lgunther@andrew.cmu.edu, Gunther, Lucy3, Yang, Maria C.2 mcyang@mit.edu
Source: Journal of Mechanical Design. May2026, Vol. 148 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
Subjects: Concept mapping, Tablet computers, Association of ideas, Engineering design, Creative thinking
Abstract: As design evolves, there is great interest in using new design tools to evaluate and interpret design artifacts such as sketches. This study explores whether or not assessing sketches for functional similarity is an effective way of understanding how designers' ideas are related to one another. This work studies the influence of digital tablets for sketching on concept evolution patterns and investigates whether sketches made on tablets provide a more accurate picture of how designers' ideas are related than sketches made on paper. We explore differences between designers' understanding of how their ideas are related and the way that interrelatedness is represented in their sketches as standalone artifacts. We also ask if there are any differences in designers and design reviewers' assessments of concept evolution patterns between tablet and paper sketching. We find that designers' and design reviewers' assessments of idea interrelatedness did not match, which implies that looking at sketches alone is not enough for understanding a designer's ideation process. Rather, there needs to be communication between the designer and the observer to understand the full extent of relations between concepts. We also find no difference between sketching tools in the level of agreement between designers' assessments of their ideas and design reviewers' assessment of sketches. All in all, these results point to the idea that assessing functional similarity alone may not be enough to claim full understanding of the relationship between a series of concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Mechanical Design is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Do Design Sketches Tell Us How Designers' Ideas Are Related? A Comparison of Functional Similarity Assessment and Designer Concept Mapping.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Mechanical+Design%22">Journal of Mechanical Design</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 148 Issue 5, p1-15. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Concept+mapping%22">Concept mapping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tablet+computers%22">Tablet computers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Association+of+ideas%22">Association of ideas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineering+design%22">Engineering design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Creative+thinking%22">Creative thinking</searchLink>
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  Data: As design evolves, there is great interest in using new design tools to evaluate and interpret design artifacts such as sketches. This study explores whether or not assessing sketches for functional similarity is an effective way of understanding how designers' ideas are related to one another. This work studies the influence of digital tablets for sketching on concept evolution patterns and investigates whether sketches made on tablets provide a more accurate picture of how designers' ideas are related than sketches made on paper. We explore differences between designers' understanding of how their ideas are related and the way that interrelatedness is represented in their sketches as standalone artifacts. We also ask if there are any differences in designers and design reviewers' assessments of concept evolution patterns between tablet and paper sketching. We find that designers' and design reviewers' assessments of idea interrelatedness did not match, which implies that looking at sketches alone is not enough for understanding a designer's ideation process. Rather, there needs to be communication between the designer and the observer to understand the full extent of relations between concepts. We also find no difference between sketching tools in the level of agreement between designers' assessments of their ideas and design reviewers' assessment of sketches. All in all, these results point to the idea that assessing functional similarity alone may not be enough to claim full understanding of the relationship between a series of concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Mechanical Design is the property of American Society of Mechanical Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1115/1.4069970
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Concept mapping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tablet computers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Association of ideas
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      – SubjectFull: Engineering design
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      – SubjectFull: Creative thinking
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      – TitleFull: Do Design Sketches Tell Us How Designers' Ideas Are Related? A Comparison of Functional Similarity Assessment and Designer Concept Mapping.
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            NameFull: Das, Madhurima
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            NameFull: Meza, Jessica
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            NameFull: Gunther, Lucy
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            NameFull: Yang, Maria C.
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
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              Y: 2026
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