Partial Discharge Characteristics and Aging Identification Model of Polymer Insulation Materials in Environmentally Friendly Insulating Liquids Under Electro-Thermal Aging Conditions.

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Title: Partial Discharge Characteristics and Aging Identification Model of Polymer Insulation Materials in Environmentally Friendly Insulating Liquids Under Electro-Thermal Aging Conditions.
Authors: Ye, Wenyu1 (AUTHOR) ywypost@cumt.edu.cn, He, Yixin1,2 (AUTHOR), Kong, Xianglin1,3 (AUTHOR), Ding, Tianxiang1 (AUTHOR), Qiao, Xinhan1,2 (AUTHOR), Dai, Xize2,3 (AUTHOR), Yan, Jiaming1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). Apr2026, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p829. 21p.
Subjects: Depolymerization, Partial discharges, Cellulose, Insulating materials, Deterioration of materials, Ensemble learning
Abstract: Cellulose paper, a natural polymeric dielectric, determines the lifetime of oil–paper insulation systems in transformers, yet its molecular degradation behavior in ester-based insulating media remains insufficiently clarified. This study investigates the electro–thermal aging of cellulose polymer immersed in soybean-based natural ester (SBNE) and palm fatty acid ester (PFAE), with emphasis on depolymerization and its relationship with partial discharge (PD) activity. Accelerated aging experiments were conducted under combined electrical and thermal stress, and the evolution of the degree of polymerization (DP) was measured to quantify polymer chain scission. Phase-resolved PD (PRPD) patterns were recorded during aging, and multi-dimensional statistical features were extracted and reduced using principal component analysis to characterize degradation-sensitive electrical responses. The results show a progressive decrease in DP with aging time in both ester media, accompanied by distinct PD evolution characteristics, indicating different influences of the two esters on cellulose polymer stability. An ensemble learning model integrating multiple classifiers was further employed to identify aging stages based on PD features, achieving reliable discrimination performance. These findings establish a correlation between cellulose depolymerization and dielectric discharge behavior, providing a polymer-centered interpretation of aging mechanisms in ester-based oil–paper insulation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Partial Discharge Characteristics and Aging Identification Model of Polymer Insulation Materials in Environmentally Friendly Insulating Liquids Under Electro-Thermal Aging Conditions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ye%2C+Wenyu%22">Ye, Wenyu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ywypost@cumt.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Yixin%22">He, Yixin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kong%2C+Xianglin%22">Kong, Xianglin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ding%2C+Tianxiang%22">Ding, Tianxiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qiao%2C+Xinhan%22">Qiao, Xinhan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dai%2C+Xize%22">Dai, Xize</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yan%2C+Jiaming%22">Yan, Jiaming</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 18 Issue 7, p829. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Depolymerization%22">Depolymerization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Partial+discharges%22">Partial discharges</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose%22">Cellulose</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insulating+materials%22">Insulating materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deterioration+of+materials%22">Deterioration of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ensemble+learning%22">Ensemble learning</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Cellulose paper, a natural polymeric dielectric, determines the lifetime of oil–paper insulation systems in transformers, yet its molecular degradation behavior in ester-based insulating media remains insufficiently clarified. This study investigates the electro–thermal aging of cellulose polymer immersed in soybean-based natural ester (SBNE) and palm fatty acid ester (PFAE), with emphasis on depolymerization and its relationship with partial discharge (PD) activity. Accelerated aging experiments were conducted under combined electrical and thermal stress, and the evolution of the degree of polymerization (DP) was measured to quantify polymer chain scission. Phase-resolved PD (PRPD) patterns were recorded during aging, and multi-dimensional statistical features were extracted and reduced using principal component analysis to characterize degradation-sensitive electrical responses. The results show a progressive decrease in DP with aging time in both ester media, accompanied by distinct PD evolution characteristics, indicating different influences of the two esters on cellulose polymer stability. An ensemble learning model integrating multiple classifiers was further employed to identify aging stages based on PD features, achieving reliable discrimination performance. These findings establish a correlation between cellulose depolymerization and dielectric discharge behavior, providing a polymer-centered interpretation of aging mechanisms in ester-based oil–paper insulation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/polym18070829
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 829
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      – SubjectFull: Depolymerization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Partial discharges
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellulose
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insulating materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deterioration of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ensemble learning
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Partial Discharge Characteristics and Aging Identification Model of Polymer Insulation Materials in Environmentally Friendly Insulating Liquids Under Electro-Thermal Aging Conditions.
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            NameFull: Ye, Wenyu
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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