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Ground level enhancement GLE #77 on 11 November 2025: a data summary.

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Title: Ground level enhancement GLE #77 on 11 November 2025: a data summary.
Authors: Mishev, A.L.1 (AUTHOR), Heber, B.2 (AUTHOR), Klein, K.-L.3,4 (AUTHOR), Vainio, R.5 (AUTHOR), Mavromichalaki, H.6 (AUTHOR), Raukunen, O.7 (AUTHOR), Larsen, N.8 (AUTHOR), Petrov, N.9 (AUTHOR), Nikonov, N.10 (AUTHOR), Masson, S.4,11 (AUTHOR), Pesce-Rollins, M.12 (AUTHOR), Kress, B.T.13 (AUTHOR), Bindi, V.10 (AUTHOR), Gerontidou, M.6 (AUTHOR), Hörlöck, M.2 (AUTHOR), Koldobskiy, S.1 (AUTHOR), Riihonen, E.5 (AUTHOR), Rodriguez, J.V.13 (AUTHOR), Usoskin, I.1,14 (AUTHOR) ilya.usoskin@oulu.fi
Source: Advances in Space Research. May2026, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p9764-9783. 20p.
Subjects: Solar energetic particles, Neutron counters, Sun, Solar corona, Solar radio emission, Space environment
Abstract: A very strong solar energetic particle event took place on 11-Nov-2025. It was registered by the worldwide network of neutron monitors as a ground-level enhancement (GLE) #77, which appeared to be one of the strongest registered GLEs. The peak and integral intensities of GLE #77 reached about 125 (165) % and 600 (800) % · hr, respectively, for standard (bare) neutron monitors. It had a complicated, multi-component anisotropic structure caused by the complexity of the solar coronal and heliospheric conditions. In this work, verified datasets related to this event are provided along with general analyses. The solar and heliospheric conditions are overviewed, including the analysis of solar radio-emission and the location of the primary particle acceleration. Measurements of solar energetic particles in space, near the first Sun-Earth Lagrange point (L1) onboard the SOHO spacecraft, and in geostationary orbit onboard the GOES-19 spacecraft, are presented, revealing a long-duration, hard-spectrum intense solar particle event. The analysed event produced radiation hazards at high-latitude flight-altitude regions and triggered multiple GLE alarms in the monitoring systems. This work presents a solid, verified basis for a comprehensive, detailed analysis of GLE #77 produced by a strong eruptive event on the Sun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Ground level enhancement GLE #77 on 11 November 2025: a data summary.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mishev%2C+A%2EL%2E%22">Mishev, A.L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heber%2C+B%2E%22">Heber, B.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Klein%2C+K%2E-L%2E%22">Klein, K.-L.</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vainio%2C+R%2E%22">Vainio, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mavromichalaki%2C+H%2E%22">Mavromichalaki, H.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Raukunen%2C+O%2E%22">Raukunen, O.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Larsen%2C+N%2E%22">Larsen, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Petrov%2C+N%2E%22">Petrov, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nikonov%2C+N%2E%22">Nikonov, N.</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Masson%2C+S%2E%22">Masson, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4,11</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pesce-Rollins%2C+M%2E%22">Pesce-Rollins, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>12</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kress%2C+B%2ET%2E%22">Kress, B.T.</searchLink><relatesTo>13</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bindi%2C+V%2E%22">Bindi, V.</searchLink><relatesTo>10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gerontidou%2C+M%2E%22">Gerontidou, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hörlöck%2C+M%2E%22">Hörlöck, M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Koldobskiy%2C+S%2E%22">Koldobskiy, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riihonen%2C+E%2E%22">Riihonen, E.</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rodriguez%2C+J%2EV%2E%22">Rodriguez, J.V.</searchLink><relatesTo>13</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Usoskin%2C+I%2E%22">Usoskin, I.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,14</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ilya.usoskin@oulu.fi</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Space+Research%22">Advances in Space Research</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p9764-9783. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+energetic+particles%22">Solar energetic particles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neutron+counters%22">Neutron counters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sun%22">Sun</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+corona%22">Solar corona</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+radio+emission%22">Solar radio emission</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Space+environment%22">Space environment</searchLink>
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  Data: A very strong solar energetic particle event took place on 11-Nov-2025. It was registered by the worldwide network of neutron monitors as a ground-level enhancement (GLE) #77, which appeared to be one of the strongest registered GLEs. The peak and integral intensities of GLE #77 reached about 125 (165) % and 600 (800) % · hr, respectively, for standard (bare) neutron monitors. It had a complicated, multi-component anisotropic structure caused by the complexity of the solar coronal and heliospheric conditions. In this work, verified datasets related to this event are provided along with general analyses. The solar and heliospheric conditions are overviewed, including the analysis of solar radio-emission and the location of the primary particle acceleration. Measurements of solar energetic particles in space, near the first Sun-Earth Lagrange point (L1) onboard the SOHO spacecraft, and in geostationary orbit onboard the GOES-19 spacecraft, are presented, revealing a long-duration, hard-spectrum intense solar particle event. The analysed event produced radiation hazards at high-latitude flight-altitude regions and triggered multiple GLE alarms in the monitoring systems. This work presents a solid, verified basis for a comprehensive, detailed analysis of GLE #77 produced by a strong eruptive event on the Sun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=192967946
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