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SF-based electro-responsive conductive composite NGCs promote peripheral nerve regeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis in Schwann cells.

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Title: SF-based electro-responsive conductive composite NGCs promote peripheral nerve regeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis in Schwann cells.
Authors: Han, Guanjie1,2 (AUTHOR) han.guanjie@zs-hospital.sh.cn, Fu, Tengfei1,2 (AUTHOR) fu.tengfei@zs-hospital.sh.cn, Xiang, Xingdong1,2,3 (AUTHOR) xiang.xingdong@zsgmc.sh.cn, Wei, Ping1,4 (AUTHOR) wei.ping@zs-hospital.sh.cn, Huang, Lei5 (AUTHOR) HL941026@163.com, Wang, Ning6 (AUTHOR) wangning2025@outlook.com, Bian, Mengxuan7 (AUTHOR) Dr.Bianmx@outlook.com, Lu, Shunyi8 (AUTHOR) lushunyi@suda.edu.cn, Su, Dihan6 (AUTHOR) sudihan@126.com, Wang, Jiayi1,9,10 (AUTHOR) orth_wjy@sjtu.edu.cn, Jiang, Libo1,6 (AUTHOR) jiang.libo@zs-hospital.sh.cn, Zhang, Jian1,2 (AUTHOR) zhang.jian@zs-hospital.sh.cn
Source: Chemical Engineering Journal. May2026, Vol. 535, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Schwann cells, Ferroptosis, Peripheral nerve injuries, Electric stimulation, Vitamin K2, Nervous system regeneration, Polypyrrole, Silk fibroin
Abstract: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) imposes a substantial burden due to its high disability rate. Although drug-delivering nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are widely used for PNI repair, their efficacy remains limited, largely because of inefficient, poorly controllable drug release and the hostile early microenvironment driven by oxidative stress and iron metabolism imbalance. Ferroptosis is a key manifestation of this post-injury iron dysregulation. Here, we identify Schwann cell ferroptosis as an early, temporally confined pathological process after PNI and accordingly develop an electro-responsive conductive silk fibroin/polypyrrole (SF/PPy) NGC loaded with menaquinone-4 (MK-4) for temporally targeted local anti-ferroptotic therapy. Electrical stimulation (ES) markedly enhanced MK-4 release, increasing the 14-day cumulative release from 11.20 ± 0.43% to 23.5 ± 0.84%. In vitro , under ES, MK-4 suppressed Schwann cell ferroptosis mainly via activation of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). In vivo , SF/PPy/MK-4 conduits combined with ES modulated the early post-injury microenvironment, inhibited Schwann cell ferroptosis, and significantly improved sensory and motor functional recovery. Overall, this study establishes Schwann cell ferroptosis as an early therapeutic target in PNI and presents a conductive NGC platform integrating ES responsiveness with temporally targeted microenvironmental modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. [Display omitted] • Schwann cell ferroptosis peaks during the early phase after peripheral nerve injury. • MK-4-loaded electro-responsive silk fibroin/polypyrrole nerve conduit designed. • Electrical stimulation enhances MK-4 release from the nerve conduit. • Temporally targeted suppression of Schwann cell ferroptosis achieved. • Combined conduit-electrostimulation therapy promotes early functional recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Label: Title
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  Data: SF-based electro-responsive conductive composite NGCs promote peripheral nerve regeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis in Schwann cells.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Guanjie%22">Han, Guanjie</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> han.guanjie@zs-hospital.sh.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fu%2C+Tengfei%22">Fu, Tengfei</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> fu.tengfei@zs-hospital.sh.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xiang%2C+Xingdong%22">Xiang, Xingdong</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> xiang.xingdong@zsgmc.sh.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei%2C+Ping%22">Wei, Ping</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wei.ping@zs-hospital.sh.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Lei%22">Huang, Lei</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> HL941026@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Ning%22">Wang, Ning</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> wangning2025@outlook.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bian%2C+Mengxuan%22">Bian, Mengxuan</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> Dr.Bianmx@outlook.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lu%2C+Shunyi%22">Lu, Shunyi</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lushunyi@suda.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su%2C+Dihan%22">Su, Dihan</searchLink><relatesTo>6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sudihan@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Jiayi%22">Wang, Jiayi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,9,10</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> orth_wjy@sjtu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jiang%2C+Libo%22">Jiang, Libo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jiang.libo@zs-hospital.sh.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Jian%22">Zhang, Jian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhang.jian@zs-hospital.sh.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Chemical+Engineering+Journal%22">Chemical Engineering Journal</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 535, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schwann+cells%22">Schwann cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ferroptosis%22">Ferroptosis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Peripheral+nerve+injuries%22">Peripheral nerve injuries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electric+stimulation%22">Electric stimulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vitamin+K2%22">Vitamin K2</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nervous+system+regeneration%22">Nervous system regeneration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polypyrrole%22">Polypyrrole</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silk+fibroin%22">Silk fibroin</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) imposes a substantial burden due to its high disability rate. Although drug-delivering nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are widely used for PNI repair, their efficacy remains limited, largely because of inefficient, poorly controllable drug release and the hostile early microenvironment driven by oxidative stress and iron metabolism imbalance. Ferroptosis is a key manifestation of this post-injury iron dysregulation. Here, we identify Schwann cell ferroptosis as an early, temporally confined pathological process after PNI and accordingly develop an electro-responsive conductive silk fibroin/polypyrrole (SF/PPy) NGC loaded with menaquinone-4 (MK-4) for temporally targeted local anti-ferroptotic therapy. Electrical stimulation (ES) markedly enhanced MK-4 release, increasing the 14-day cumulative release from 11.20 ± 0.43% to 23.5 ± 0.84%. In vitro , under ES, MK-4 suppressed Schwann cell ferroptosis mainly via activation of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1). In vivo , SF/PPy/MK-4 conduits combined with ES modulated the early post-injury microenvironment, inhibited Schwann cell ferroptosis, and significantly improved sensory and motor functional recovery. Overall, this study establishes Schwann cell ferroptosis as an early therapeutic target in PNI and presents a conductive NGC platform integrating ES responsiveness with temporally targeted microenvironmental modulation to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. [Display omitted] • Schwann cell ferroptosis peaks during the early phase after peripheral nerve injury. • MK-4-loaded electro-responsive silk fibroin/polypyrrole nerve conduit designed. • Electrical stimulation enhances MK-4 release from the nerve conduit. • Temporally targeted suppression of Schwann cell ferroptosis achieved. • Combined conduit-electrostimulation therapy promotes early functional recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.cej.2026.175581
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Schwann cells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ferroptosis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Peripheral nerve injuries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electric stimulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Vitamin K2
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nervous system regeneration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polypyrrole
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Silk fibroin
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: SF-based electro-responsive conductive composite NGCs promote peripheral nerve regeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis in Schwann cells.
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            NameFull: Han, Guanjie
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 535
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