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Mechanical properties and ceramification process of composite-filled flame-retardant silicone rubber.

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Title: Mechanical properties and ceramification process of composite-filled flame-retardant silicone rubber.
Authors: Han, Yuliang1 (AUTHOR), Deng, Jiajia1 (AUTHOR), Ji, Xinyuan1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Zhenqin1 (AUTHOR), Hu, Sheng1,2 (AUTHOR) cailiaoxue007@126.com
Source: Ceramics International. May2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 11, p16696-16707. 12p.
Subjects: Filler materials, Ceramic engineering, Fire resistant materials, Silicone rubber, Mechanical behavior of materials, Ablative materials, Thermolysis
Abstract: Thermally protective silicone rubber materials are widely used in cable sheathing and architectural coatings due to their multifunctionality. However, the synergistic mechanisms of multi-component filler systems in silicone rubber-based thermal protection materials remain insufficiently understood. To address this, the present study investigates the mechanical properties and ceramification behavior of mica/ammonium polyphosphate/glass powder/zinc borate/aluminum hydroxide composite silicone rubber (MSR). The findings reveal significant synergistic effects among the different functional fillers, which collectively drive and optimize the ceramification process. The decomposition products of ammonium polyphosphate promote the formation of phosphate ceramic phases (such as Zn 3 (PO 4) 2 and AlPO 4), which together with mica establish a self-supporting porous framework at 400 °C. Zinc borate and glass powder act as efficient fluxing agents, flowing and filling the pores, thereby markedly enhancing the density of the structure. At 800 °C, the system further reacts to form high-temperature stable phases such as Zn 2 P 2 O 7 , ZnAl 2 O 4 and mullite. These phases, in combination with the formed borosilicate glass, jointly create a relatively dense and integrated ceramic structure, endowing the material with excellent mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The synergistic mechanisms of the multi-component filler system are elucidated throughout the entire process from thermal decomposition to ceramic sintering in this study, thereby providing a theoretical basis and design guidance for the development of high-performance ablative thermal protection materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193008147
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Mechanical properties and ceramification process of composite-filled flame-retardant silicone rubber.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Yuliang%22">Han, Yuliang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deng%2C+Jiajia%22">Deng, Jiajia</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ji%2C+Xinyuan%22">Ji, Xinyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Zhenqin%22">Wu, Zhenqin</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Sheng%22">Hu, Sheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cailiaoxue007@126.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Ceramics+International%22">Ceramics International</searchLink>. May2026:Part B, Vol. 52 Issue 11, p16696-16707. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Filler+materials%22">Filler materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ceramic+engineering%22">Ceramic engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fire+resistant+materials%22">Fire resistant materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silicone+rubber%22">Silicone rubber</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ablative+materials%22">Ablative materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermolysis%22">Thermolysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Thermally protective silicone rubber materials are widely used in cable sheathing and architectural coatings due to their multifunctionality. However, the synergistic mechanisms of multi-component filler systems in silicone rubber-based thermal protection materials remain insufficiently understood. To address this, the present study investigates the mechanical properties and ceramification behavior of mica/ammonium polyphosphate/glass powder/zinc borate/aluminum hydroxide composite silicone rubber (MSR). The findings reveal significant synergistic effects among the different functional fillers, which collectively drive and optimize the ceramification process. The decomposition products of ammonium polyphosphate promote the formation of phosphate ceramic phases (such as Zn 3 (PO 4) 2 and AlPO 4), which together with mica establish a self-supporting porous framework at 400 °C. Zinc borate and glass powder act as efficient fluxing agents, flowing and filling the pores, thereby markedly enhancing the density of the structure. At 800 °C, the system further reacts to form high-temperature stable phases such as Zn 2 P 2 O 7 , ZnAl 2 O 4 and mullite. These phases, in combination with the formed borosilicate glass, jointly create a relatively dense and integrated ceramic structure, endowing the material with excellent mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. The synergistic mechanisms of the multi-component filler system are elucidated throughout the entire process from thermal decomposition to ceramic sintering in this study, thereby providing a theoretical basis and design guidance for the development of high-performance ablative thermal protection materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Ceramics International is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.02.260
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 12
        StartPage: 16696
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Filler materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ceramic engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fire resistant materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Silicone rubber
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ablative materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermolysis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mechanical properties and ceramification process of composite-filled flame-retardant silicone rubber.
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            NameFull: Han, Yuliang
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            NameFull: Deng, Jiajia
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            NameFull: Ji, Xinyuan
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            NameFull: Wu, Zhenqin
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            NameFull: Hu, Sheng
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            – D: 05
              M: 05
              Text: May2026:Part B
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              Y: 2026
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              Value: 52
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            – TitleFull: Ceramics International
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