Kinematics theory of balls and light versus the theory of special relativity-June 2025.

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Title: Kinematics theory of balls and light versus the theory of special relativity-June 2025.
Authors: Filipescu, Filip Dambi filipdambi1@gmail.com
Source: Physics Essays. Sep2025, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p222-240. 19p.
Subjects: Special relativity (Physics), Lorentz transformations, Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955, Light propagation, Frames of reference (Relativity), Speed of light, Kinematics, Physical laws
Abstract (English): The study of the emission, propagation, and reflection of balls leads to the mechanical ballistic law that applies to balls with and without mass. A natural extension of the ballistic law is to encompass massless entities such as light. According to the ballistic law, a ball or a light wavefront emitted by a source inherits the velocity of its source in the absolute frame. The ballistic law governs the kinematics of balls and light in inertial frames from the background of the absolute frame. The mathematical expression of the ballistic law gives the propagation velocity of a ball and light wavefront as the vector sum of the ball's or the light wavefront's velocity emitted by a source and the source's velocity. The ballistic law explains why the speed of light is a universal constant c in any inertial frame in which a source and a mirror are at rest, the laws of physics have the same form in any inertial frame, and no experiment in such a frame can prove its motion. By understanding the kinematics of light, we can understand the multiple issues rooted in Lorentz's transformation and Einstein's special relativity. For example, the theory of special relativity misapplies the symmetry observed in some phenomena to two inertial frames. Thus, it duplicates a physics phenomenon from one inertial frame, considered stationary, to another. The Lorentz transformation confirms the speed of light c in the moving and opposite direction of the inertial frame. Simultaneously, it varies in any other direction, converging to infinity. Lorentz's transformation has no length contractions or dilations as special relativity pretends. This study confirms the constancy of time passage in the universe and the variability of the propagation speed of light wavefronts in the absolute frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (French): L'étude de l'émission, de la propagation et de la réflexion des billes conduit à la loi balistique mécanique qui s'applique aux billes avec et sans masse. Une extension naturelle de la loi balistique est d'englober les entités sans masse comme la lumière. Selon la loi balistique, une bille ou un front d'onde lumineux émis par une source hérite de la vitesse de sa source dans le référentiel absolu. La loi balistique régit la cinématique des billes et de la lumière dans les référentiels inertiels à partir du fond du référentiel absolu. L'expression mathématique de la loi balistique donne la vitesse de propagation d'une bille et du front d'onde lumineux comme la somme vectorielle de la vitesse émise par la bille ou le front d'onde lumineux et de la vitesse de sa source. La loi balistique explique pourquoi la vitesse de la lumière est une constante universelle c dans tout référentiel inertiel où une source et un miroir sont au repos, les lois de la physique ont la meme forme dans tout référentiel inertiel, et aucune expérience dans un tel référentiel ne peut prouver son mouvement. Comprendre la cinématique de la lumière permet de comprendre les multiples problèmes liés à la transformation de Lorentz et à la relativité restreinte d'Einstein. Par exemple, la théorie de la relativité restreinte applique de manière erronée la symétrie observée dans certains phénomènes à deux référentiels inertiels. Elle reproduit ainsi un phénomène physique d'un référentiel inertiel, considéré comme stationnaire, à un autre. La transformation de Lorentz confirme la vitesse de la lumière e dans la direction opposée du référentiel inertiel. Simultanément, elle varie dans toute autre direction, convergeant vers l'infini. La transformation de Lorentz ne présente ni contractions ni dilatations de longueur, contrairement à ce que prétend la relativité restreinte. Cette étude confirme la constance du passage du temps dans l'univers et la variabilité de la vitesse de propagation des fronts d'onde lumineux dans le référentiel absolu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:The study of the emission, propagation, and reflection of balls leads to the mechanical ballistic law that applies to balls with and without mass. A natural extension of the ballistic law is to encompass massless entities such as light. According to the ballistic law, a ball or a light wavefront emitted by a source inherits the velocity of its source in the absolute frame. The ballistic law governs the kinematics of balls and light in inertial frames from the background of the absolute frame. The mathematical expression of the ballistic law gives the propagation velocity of a ball and light wavefront as the vector sum of the ball's or the light wavefront's velocity emitted by a source and the source's velocity. The ballistic law explains why the speed of light is a universal constant c in any inertial frame in which a source and a mirror are at rest, the laws of physics have the same form in any inertial frame, and no experiment in such a frame can prove its motion. By understanding the kinematics of light, we can understand the multiple issues rooted in Lorentz's transformation and Einstein's special relativity. For example, the theory of special relativity misapplies the symmetry observed in some phenomena to two inertial frames. Thus, it duplicates a physics phenomenon from one inertial frame, considered stationary, to another. The Lorentz transformation confirms the speed of light c in the moving and opposite direction of the inertial frame. Simultaneously, it varies in any other direction, converging to infinity. Lorentz's transformation has no length contractions or dilations as special relativity pretends. This study confirms the constancy of time passage in the universe and the variability of the propagation speed of light wavefronts in the absolute frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:08361398
DOI:10.4006/0836-1398-38.3.222