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Seismic Performance of Nonductile Concrete Moment Frames Constructed to Older Building Standards.

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Title: Seismic Performance of Nonductile Concrete Moment Frames Constructed to Older Building Standards.
Authors: Rhoades, Katharine R.1 (AUTHOR) katerhoades42@gmail.com, Liel, Abbie B.1 (AUTHOR), Dashti, Shideh1 (AUTHOR), Pekelnicky, Robert G.2 (AUTHOR), Fobel, Peter2 (AUTHOR), Kalbasi, Kamiar2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. Jun2026, Vol. 55 Issue 7, p1591-1609. 19p.
Subjects: Archetypes, Soil profiles, Seismic response, Engineering standards, Earthquake hazard analysis, Construction safety measures
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: Recognizing the poor performance, including the threat to safety, posed by weak, irregular, and poorly‐detailed reinforced concrete buildings, several jurisdictions in the United States have implemented or are considering implementing seismic retrofitting ordinances to improve the performance of older concrete buildings. These ordinances commonly use a benchmark year, typically 1980, to differentiate between older and modern buildings as high‐priority candidates for retrofit. However, there is a large variation in performance among nonductile concrete buildings of varying ages, and the implications of these benchmark years and their appropriateness for building performance improvement and seismic risk reduction have not been explored. This study investigates six building archetypes of concrete moment frames to assess the seismic performance of existing buildings ranging from older (1964–1994) to modern (2010–2022) designs. We consider four soil profiles of varying properties and depths, all classified as site Class D but with differing site conditions. Building performance assessments indicate that the older building archetypes do not meet ASCE/SEI 41‐23 safety evaluation criteria, confirming focus on pre‐1980 concrete buildings for retrofit. However, the results also show that large repair cost and recovery times, even for some post‐1980 buildings, may lead to demolition or residents choosing to permanently relocate because the performance may not align with societal goals. The results also show that inclusion of site‐specific response analysis that accounts for the entire soil profile above bedrock may be critical to evaluating retrofit priorities for buildings and can change the retrofit assessment outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193164296
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Data: Seismic Performance of Nonductile Concrete Moment Frames Constructed to Older Building Standards.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rhoades%2C+Katharine+R%2E%22">Rhoades, Katharine R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> katerhoades42@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liel%2C+Abbie+B%2E%22">Liel, Abbie B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dashti%2C+Shideh%22">Dashti, Shideh</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pekelnicky%2C+Robert+G%2E%22">Pekelnicky, Robert G.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fobel%2C+Peter%22">Fobel, Peter</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kalbasi%2C+Kamiar%22">Kalbasi, Kamiar</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Earthquake+Engineering+%26+Structural+Dynamics%22">Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 55 Issue 7, p1591-1609. 19p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Archetypes%22">Archetypes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+profiles%22">Soil profiles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seismic+response%22">Seismic response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineering+standards%22">Engineering standards</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Earthquake+hazard+analysis%22">Earthquake hazard analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construction+safety+measures%22">Construction safety measures</searchLink>
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  Data: Recognizing the poor performance, including the threat to safety, posed by weak, irregular, and poorly‐detailed reinforced concrete buildings, several jurisdictions in the United States have implemented or are considering implementing seismic retrofitting ordinances to improve the performance of older concrete buildings. These ordinances commonly use a benchmark year, typically 1980, to differentiate between older and modern buildings as high‐priority candidates for retrofit. However, there is a large variation in performance among nonductile concrete buildings of varying ages, and the implications of these benchmark years and their appropriateness for building performance improvement and seismic risk reduction have not been explored. This study investigates six building archetypes of concrete moment frames to assess the seismic performance of existing buildings ranging from older (1964–1994) to modern (2010–2022) designs. We consider four soil profiles of varying properties and depths, all classified as site Class D but with differing site conditions. Building performance assessments indicate that the older building archetypes do not meet ASCE/SEI 41‐23 safety evaluation criteria, confirming focus on pre‐1980 concrete buildings for retrofit. However, the results also show that large repair cost and recovery times, even for some post‐1980 buildings, may lead to demolition or residents choosing to permanently relocate because the performance may not align with societal goals. The results also show that inclusion of site‐specific response analysis that accounts for the entire soil profile above bedrock may be critical to evaluating retrofit priorities for buildings and can change the retrofit assessment outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/eqe.70153
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 19
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      – SubjectFull: Archetypes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil profiles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seismic response
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      – SubjectFull: Engineering standards
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Earthquake hazard analysis
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      – SubjectFull: Construction safety measures
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      – SubjectFull: United States
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Seismic Performance of Nonductile Concrete Moment Frames Constructed to Older Building Standards.
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              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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