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INTEGRATING SHORTEST-PATH ANALYSIS and MULTI-AGENT SIMULATION for CAMPUS ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION.

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Title: INTEGRATING SHORTEST-PATH ANALYSIS and MULTI-AGENT SIMULATION for CAMPUS ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION.
Authors: GÜZEL, Onur Ferdi1 onurferdiguzel@hotmail.com, AYAZLI, İsmail Ercüment2 eayazli@cumhuriyet.edu.tr, DUMAN, Hüseyin2 hduman@cumhuriyet.edu.tr
Source: Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science & Technology A - Applied Sciences & Engineering. Mar2026, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p190-203. 14p.
Subjects: Graph algorithms, Multiagent systems, Accessible design, Physical mobility, Social justice, Graph theory, Wheelchairs
Abstract: Physical accessibility constitutes a fundamental dimension of spatial justice, ensuring that all individuals can equally benefit from the built environment. This study aims to evaluate and quantify the accessibility challenges faced by wheelchair users within the Sivas Cumhuriyet University campus and to propose a model that objectively identifies spatial inequalities. For this purpose, the intra-campus pedestrian network was modelled using Python, and shortest-path analyses were conducted via Dijkstra's algorithm for 1,000 randomly selected origin-destination pairs. These routes were further simulated within a multi-agent system (MAS) environment to estimate travel times and compare mobility performance between wheelchair users and able-bodied individuals. This study provides one of the first quantitative frameworks to integrate Dijkstra-based shortest-path computation and MAS-driven simulation for assessing wheelchair accessibility in outdoor environments. The resulting data were used to develop a numerical accessibility scoring system that expresses spatial disadvantage as an accessibility coefficient. The findings revealed that 85.8% of the routes were completely inaccessible for wheelchair users and that, where access was possible, travel distances were on average 8.5 times longer than those of non-disabled individuals. By establishing a reproducible and data-driven framework, the study connects the aim of promoting spatial equity with quantifiable outcomes, thereby providing a decision-support tool for campus redesign and urban accessibility planning. These findings provide a scalable analytical framework for promoting spatial equity, offering practical guidance for policymakers and urban planners seeking to improve accessibility in built environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science & Technology A - Applied Sciences & Engineering is the property of Eskisehir Technical University Rector's Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Data: INTEGRATING SHORTEST-PATH ANALYSIS and MULTI-AGENT SIMULATION for CAMPUS ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22GÜZEL%2C+Onur+Ferdi%22">GÜZEL, Onur Ferdi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> onurferdiguzel@hotmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22AYAZLI%2C+İsmail+Ercüment%22">AYAZLI, İsmail Ercüment</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> eayazli@cumhuriyet.edu.tr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DUMAN%2C+Hüseyin%22">DUMAN, Hüseyin</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><i> hduman@cumhuriyet.edu.tr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graph+algorithms%22">Graph algorithms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multiagent+systems%22">Multiagent systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Accessible+design%22">Accessible design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+mobility%22">Physical mobility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+justice%22">Social justice</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graph+theory%22">Graph theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wheelchairs%22">Wheelchairs</searchLink>
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  Data: Physical accessibility constitutes a fundamental dimension of spatial justice, ensuring that all individuals can equally benefit from the built environment. This study aims to evaluate and quantify the accessibility challenges faced by wheelchair users within the Sivas Cumhuriyet University campus and to propose a model that objectively identifies spatial inequalities. For this purpose, the intra-campus pedestrian network was modelled using Python, and shortest-path analyses were conducted via Dijkstra's algorithm for 1,000 randomly selected origin-destination pairs. These routes were further simulated within a multi-agent system (MAS) environment to estimate travel times and compare mobility performance between wheelchair users and able-bodied individuals. This study provides one of the first quantitative frameworks to integrate Dijkstra-based shortest-path computation and MAS-driven simulation for assessing wheelchair accessibility in outdoor environments. The resulting data were used to develop a numerical accessibility scoring system that expresses spatial disadvantage as an accessibility coefficient. The findings revealed that 85.8% of the routes were completely inaccessible for wheelchair users and that, where access was possible, travel distances were on average 8.5 times longer than those of non-disabled individuals. By establishing a reproducible and data-driven framework, the study connects the aim of promoting spatial equity with quantifiable outcomes, thereby providing a decision-support tool for campus redesign and urban accessibility planning. These findings provide a scalable analytical framework for promoting spatial equity, offering practical guidance for policymakers and urban planners seeking to improve accessibility in built environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science & Technology A - Applied Sciences & Engineering is the property of Eskisehir Technical University Rector's Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.18038/estubtda.1854154
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Graph algorithms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiagent systems
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      – SubjectFull: Accessible design
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      – SubjectFull: Physical mobility
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      – SubjectFull: Social justice
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Graph theory
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      – SubjectFull: Wheelchairs
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: INTEGRATING SHORTEST-PATH ANALYSIS and MULTI-AGENT SIMULATION for CAMPUS ACCESSIBILITY EVALUATION.
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            NameFull: GÜZEL, Onur Ferdi
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            NameFull: AYAZLI, İsmail Ercüment
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            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: Mar2026
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              Y: 2026
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