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Exergy analysis and thermoregulatory responses of the human body during walking in warm to hot thermal environments.

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Title: Exergy analysis and thermoregulatory responses of the human body during walking in warm to hot thermal environments.
Authors: Das, Shashikant1,2 (AUTHOR) shashi350me@gmail.com, Subudhi, Sudhakar2 (AUTHOR) subudfme@iitr.ac.in
Source: Sādhanā: Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences. Jun2026, Vol. 51 Issue 2, p1-17. 17p.
Subjects: Exergy, Body temperature regulation, Heat transfer, Animal locomotion, Skin temperature, Humidity, High temperatures, Human body
Abstract: Commuting in a warm to hot thermal environment induces thermal stress and exertion in humans, which can impact their health and productivity. In this study, we estimate the effect of such commuting on physiological thermoregulation through experimental and analytical studies. The experiments were administered in a controlled climate simulator with fifteen healthy adults. The variations in skin temperature (Tsk) measured at ten body parts, accompanied by subjective responses, were obtained for eight different temperatures (30–42°C) and two humidity (40–80%) set-points. We find that the variation in Tsk of different body parts decreases with an increase in air temperature. At higher temperatures, the mean Tsk increased with increasing relative humidity, while the effect was negligible at lower temperatures. The linear mixed-effects model is used to examine the sensation in terms of TSV, and it was found that, through likelihood ratio tests, the commute temperature has a considerable influence on TSV during walking, particularly in relation to humidity (p < 0.0001). Additionally, pairwise comparison is performed using the post-hoc LS-means test to determine which actual exposures differ significantly. An analytical model during walking is presented to demonstrate the different modes of heat transmission and exergy consumption. The effect of sensation of different conditions and evaporative cooling on exergy consumption is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Sādhanā: Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Commuting in a warm to hot thermal environment induces thermal stress and exertion in humans, which can impact their health and productivity. In this study, we estimate the effect of such commuting on physiological thermoregulation through experimental and analytical studies. The experiments were administered in a controlled climate simulator with fifteen healthy adults. The variations in skin temperature (Tsk) measured at ten body parts, accompanied by subjective responses, were obtained for eight different temperatures (30–42&#176;C) and two humidity (40–80%) set-points. We find that the variation in Tsk of different body parts decreases with an increase in air temperature. At higher temperatures, the mean Tsk increased with increasing relative humidity, while the effect was negligible at lower temperatures. The linear mixed-effects model is used to examine the sensation in terms of TSV, and it was found that, through likelihood ratio tests, the commute temperature has a considerable influence on TSV during walking, particularly in relation to humidity (p &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, pairwise comparison is performed using the post-hoc LS-means test to determine which actual exposures differ significantly. An analytical model during walking is presented to demonstrate the different modes of heat transmission and exergy consumption. The effect of sensation of different conditions and evaporative cooling on exergy consumption is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Sādhanā: Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s12046-026-03063-2
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Exergy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Body temperature regulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat transfer
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animal locomotion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Skin temperature
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humidity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High temperatures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Human body
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Exergy analysis and thermoregulatory responses of the human body during walking in warm to hot thermal environments.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Das, Shashikant
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            NameFull: Subudhi, Sudhakar
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 51
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            – TitleFull: Sādhanā: Academy Proceedings in Engineering Sciences
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