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The application of carbon isotope compositions of fluorene and its methylated homologues in the sources and depositional environments of sedimentary organic matter.

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Title: The application of carbon isotope compositions of fluorene and its methylated homologues in the sources and depositional environments of sedimentary organic matter.
Authors: Geng, Ziao1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Meijun1,2,3 (AUTHOR) meijunli@cup.edu.cn, Zhang, Shuichang4 (AUTHOR), Shi, Shengbao1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Lei1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Tiantian1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Jianfeng1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Acta Geochimica. Apr2026, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p342-356. 15p.
Subjects: Fluorene, Carbon isotopes, Organic geochemistry, Sediments, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Sedimentation & deposition
Abstract: Analysis of the carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of individual polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in sedimentary organic matter (OM) and oils is increasingly important in organic geochemistry, as it provides information on OM sources, thermal maturity, and secondary alteration. In this study, the δ13C values of fluorene (Flu) and its methylated homologues were investigated in coal extracts and crude oils from various depositional environments (lacustrine shale, marine shale, marine carbonate, and terrestrial coal). The results show that the δ13C values of Flu and 1-methylfluorene (1-MF) are primarily affected by the origin of OM and are less related to thermal maturity, which indicates a variety of depositional environments. Two cross-plots of the δ13C values for Flu and 1-MF versus the pristane/phytane ratio (Pr/Ph) are used to investigate the effects of the depositional environments and sources of OM. These cross-plots classify the study samples into five environmental/source zones: marine, algae; lacustrine, algae-bacterial mixed; deltaic/lacustrine/coastal, mixed and aquatic-dominated; transitional (marine and terrestrial), mixed and terrigenous-dominated; and coal, terrigenous. The samples from the various depositional environments and sources are distinguishable, particularly those of marine and transitional facies with similar paleoenvironments. The results provide useful tools to discriminate between OM derived from different sources with different levels of marine and terrestrial input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Geochimica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193198345
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: The application of carbon isotope compositions of fluorene and its methylated homologues in the sources and depositional environments of sedimentary organic matter.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Geng%2C+Ziao%22">Geng, Ziao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Meijun%22">Li, Meijun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> meijunli@cup.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Shuichang%22">Zhang, Shuichang</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shi%2C+Shengbao%22">Shi, Shengbao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Lei%22">Zhu, Lei</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Tiantian%22">Li, Tiantian</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Jianfeng%22">Zhang, Jianfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Geochimica%22">Acta Geochimica</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p342-356. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorene%22">Fluorene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+isotopes%22">Carbon isotopes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Organic+geochemistry%22">Organic geochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sediments%22">Sediments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polycyclic+aromatic+compounds%22">Polycyclic aromatic compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sedimentation+%26+deposition%22">Sedimentation & deposition</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Analysis of the carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of individual polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in sedimentary organic matter (OM) and oils is increasingly important in organic geochemistry, as it provides information on OM sources, thermal maturity, and secondary alteration. In this study, the δ13C values of fluorene (Flu) and its methylated homologues were investigated in coal extracts and crude oils from various depositional environments (lacustrine shale, marine shale, marine carbonate, and terrestrial coal). The results show that the δ13C values of Flu and 1-methylfluorene (1-MF) are primarily affected by the origin of OM and are less related to thermal maturity, which indicates a variety of depositional environments. Two cross-plots of the δ13C values for Flu and 1-MF versus the pristane/phytane ratio (Pr/Ph) are used to investigate the effects of the depositional environments and sources of OM. These cross-plots classify the study samples into five environmental/source zones: marine, algae; lacustrine, algae-bacterial mixed; deltaic/lacustrine/coastal, mixed and aquatic-dominated; transitional (marine and terrestrial), mixed and terrigenous-dominated; and coal, terrigenous. The samples from the various depositional environments and sources are distinguishable, particularly those of marine and transitional facies with similar paleoenvironments. The results provide useful tools to discriminate between OM derived from different sources with different levels of marine and terrestrial input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Geochimica is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1007/s11631-025-00790-x
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 342
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      – SubjectFull: Fluorene
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon isotopes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Organic geochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sediments
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      – SubjectFull: Polycyclic aromatic compounds
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      – SubjectFull: Sedimentation & deposition
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The application of carbon isotope compositions of fluorene and its methylated homologues in the sources and depositional environments of sedimentary organic matter.
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            NameFull: Geng, Ziao
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Text: Apr2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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