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All-optical XOR and AND logic gates based on optically pumped semiconductor optical amplifiers.

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Title: All-optical XOR and AND logic gates based on optically pumped semiconductor optical amplifiers.
Authors: Kotb, Amer1,2 (AUTHOR) amer.kotb@xjtlu.edu.cn, Zoiros, Kyriakos E.3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Optical & Quantum Electronics. Apr2026, Vol. 58 Issue 4, p1-20. 20p.
Subjects: Semiconductor optical amplifiers, Optical pumping, Optical switching, Photonics, Interferometers, Optical computing, Logic circuits
Abstract: We present a numerical study of all-optical logic gates implemented in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration using optically pumped semiconductor optical amplifiers (OP–SOAs). The coupled rate equations, which account for carrier density, carrier heating, and spectral hole burning effects, are solved under optical pumping conditions to evaluate the performance of XOR and AND logic operations. The optical pump facilitates faster carrier recovery and enhances gain dynamics, supporting stable logic gate operation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed XOR and AND gates achieve output quality factors of 53.70 and 22.14, respectively, at a data rate of 80 Gb/s. Additionally, the gates' performance is analyzed with respect to key operational parameters, demonstrating their robustness and suitability for practical applications. These results highlight the potential of OP–SOAs as compact, integrated platforms for high-speed all-optical logic circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193198665
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: All-optical XOR and AND logic gates based on optically pumped semiconductor optical amplifiers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kotb%2C+Amer%22">Kotb, Amer</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> amer.kotb@xjtlu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zoiros%2C+Kyriakos+E%2E%22">Zoiros, Kyriakos E.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optical+%26+Quantum+Electronics%22">Optical & Quantum Electronics</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 58 Issue 4, p1-20. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Semiconductor+optical+amplifiers%22">Semiconductor optical amplifiers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+pumping%22">Optical pumping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+switching%22">Optical switching</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photonics%22">Photonics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interferometers%22">Interferometers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+computing%22">Optical computing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Logic+circuits%22">Logic circuits</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: We present a numerical study of all-optical logic gates implemented in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration using optically pumped semiconductor optical amplifiers (OP–SOAs). The coupled rate equations, which account for carrier density, carrier heating, and spectral hole burning effects, are solved under optical pumping conditions to evaluate the performance of XOR and AND logic operations. The optical pump facilitates faster carrier recovery and enhances gain dynamics, supporting stable logic gate operation. Simulation results indicate that the proposed XOR and AND gates achieve output quality factors of 53.70 and 22.14, respectively, at a data rate of 80 Gb/s. Additionally, the gates' performance is analyzed with respect to key operational parameters, demonstrating their robustness and suitability for practical applications. These results highlight the potential of OP–SOAs as compact, integrated platforms for high-speed all-optical logic circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11082-026-08754-y
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Semiconductor optical amplifiers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical pumping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical switching
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      – SubjectFull: Photonics
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      – SubjectFull: Interferometers
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      – SubjectFull: Optical computing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Logic circuits
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              Text: Apr2026
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              Y: 2026
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