Charcoal rot in sesame: infection biology, host resistance mechanism, and genomic-enabled strategies for durable resistance breeding.
Saved in:
| Title: | Charcoal rot in sesame: infection biology, host resistance mechanism, and genomic-enabled strategies for durable resistance breeding. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Ali, Amjad1 (AUTHOR) amjadbzu11@gmail.com, Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar2 (AUTHOR), Ölmez, Fatih1 (AUTHOR), Kurt, Cemal3 (AUTHOR), Baloch, Faheem Shehzad2,4 (AUTHOR) balochfaheem13@gmail.com |
| Source: | Theoretical & Applied Genetics. May2026, Vol. 139 Issue 5, p1-25. 25p. |
| Abstract: | Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a globally important oilseed crop, but its production is constrained by charcoal rot, caused by the soil-borne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. The pathogen’s exceptionally broad host range, long-term soil persistence through microsclerotia, and increased aggressiveness under high temperature and drought make charcoal rot a major destructive constraint in sesame-growing regions. This review integrates current knowledge on the biology, epidemiology, infection processes, and genetic population variability of Macrophomina spp. in relation to charcoal rot development in sesame. We also summarize key host resistance mechanism including pathogen perception, cell wall reinforcement, phenylpropanoid-mediated defense, antioxidant responses, and associated physiological and molecular adaptations. Particular attention is given to the challenges of resistance screening under variable environmental conditions, including heat- and drought-associated disease expression and pathogen diversity, which complicate the identification of stable resistance sources. The review further examines progress in sesame improvement through germplasm characterization, mutation breeding, interspecific introgression, high-throughput phenotyping, and genomic-assisted approaches such as QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and functional validation. Integrating these tools with multi-omics and gene-editing strategies offers a promising route for accelerating the development of durable, climate-resilient charcoal rot resistance cultivars. Broader use of diverse germplasm, standardized multi-environment phenotyping, and international collaboration will be essential for sustainable resistance breeding and future sesame production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Genetics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
|---|---|
| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 193297034 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
| IllustrationInfo | |
| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Charcoal rot in sesame: infection biology, host resistance mechanism, and genomic-enabled strategies for durable resistance breeding. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ali%2C+Amjad%22">Ali, Amjad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> amjadbzu11@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nadeem%2C+Muhammad+Azhar%22">Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ölmez%2C+Fatih%22">Ölmez, Fatih</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kurt%2C+Cemal%22">Kurt, Cemal</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Baloch%2C+Faheem+Shehzad%22">Baloch, Faheem Shehzad</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> balochfaheem13@gmail.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Theoretical+%26+Applied+Genetics%22">Theoretical & Applied Genetics</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 139 Issue 5, p1-25. 25p. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a globally important oilseed crop, but its production is constrained by charcoal rot, caused by the soil-borne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. The pathogen’s exceptionally broad host range, long-term soil persistence through microsclerotia, and increased aggressiveness under high temperature and drought make charcoal rot a major destructive constraint in sesame-growing regions. This review integrates current knowledge on the biology, epidemiology, infection processes, and genetic population variability of Macrophomina spp. in relation to charcoal rot development in sesame. We also summarize key host resistance mechanism including pathogen perception, cell wall reinforcement, phenylpropanoid-mediated defense, antioxidant responses, and associated physiological and molecular adaptations. Particular attention is given to the challenges of resistance screening under variable environmental conditions, including heat- and drought-associated disease expression and pathogen diversity, which complicate the identification of stable resistance sources. The review further examines progress in sesame improvement through germplasm characterization, mutation breeding, interspecific introgression, high-throughput phenotyping, and genomic-assisted approaches such as QTL mapping, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and functional validation. Integrating these tools with multi-omics and gene-editing strategies offers a promising route for accelerating the development of durable, climate-resilient charcoal rot resistance cultivars. Broader use of diverse germplasm, standardized multi-environment phenotyping, and international collaboration will be essential for sustainable resistance breeding and future sesame production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Theoretical & Applied Genetics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=193297034 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00122-026-05241-6 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 25 StartPage: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Charcoal rot in sesame: infection biology, host resistance mechanism, and genomic-enabled strategies for durable resistance breeding. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ali, Amjad – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ölmez, Fatih – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kurt, Cemal – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Baloch, Faheem Shehzad IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00405752 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 139 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Theoretical & Applied Genetics Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
