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A study of the magnetic effects of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) along the East Asian and West African sectors.

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Title: A study of the magnetic effects of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) along the East Asian and West African sectors.
Authors: Grodji, F.O.1 (AUTHOR) franckgrodji@yahoo.fr, Yao, H.F.M.1 (AUTHOR), Amaechi, P.O.2,3 (AUTHOR), Amory-Mazaudier, C.4,5 (AUTHOR), Doumbia, V.1 (AUTHOR), Kouassi, N.6 (AUTHOR), Kassamba, A.A.1 (AUTHOR), Tuo, Z.7 (AUTHOR)
Source: Advances in Space Research. May2026, Vol. 77 Issue 10, p10447-10461. 15p.
Subjects: Equatorial electrojet, Atmospheric tides, Geomagnetic variations, Ionospheric plasma, Geomagnetism
Geographic Terms: West Africa, Asia, East Asia
Abstract: This paper presents a comparative analysis of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) effects along the East Asian (140° E) and West African (5° W) sectors using geomagnetic field data recorded in 1993. The data were obtained within the frameworks of the International Equatorial Electrojet Year (IEEY) campaign for West Africa and the Solar-Terrestrial Energy Program (STEP) project for the Asian sector. The analysis was conducted under quiet magnetic conditions (Am <20 nT) to facilitate the investigation of regular daily variations ( Sr EEJ ) induced by the EEJ. Key electrodynamic parameters of the EEJ such as ribbon width, center position, and maximum current intensity were estimated using latitudinal profiles of the H and Z components of the geomagnetic field. The results reveal significant latitudinal and longitudinal variations characterized by a wider EEJ ribbon in Asia (∼714 km) compared to West Africa (∼601 km), and a higher peak current intensity in West Africa (214.3 ± 30.9 A/km) relative to Asia (142.4 ± 31.9 A/km). Also, in 1993, the EEJ centre was located north of the magnetic equator in West Africa and south of it in Asia, indicating a pronounced hemispheric asymmetry. Seasonal variations show higher EEJ intensities during the equinoxes than during the solstices in both longitude sectors. Throughout 1993, the EEJ peak intensity over West Africa consistently surpassed that over East Asia, irrespective of the magnetic season. Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of the counter-electrojet (CEJ) was higher in West Africa, especially during the morning hours. This study shows that EEJ morphology and strength are modulated by longitude-dependent factors, including ionospheric conductivity, neutral winds, atmospheric tides, and the geomagnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A study of the magnetic effects of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) along the East Asian and West African sectors.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Grodji%2C+F%2EO%2E%22&quot;&gt;Grodji, F.O.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;i&gt; franckgrodji@yahoo.fr&lt;/i&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Yao%2C+H%2EF%2EM%2E%22&quot;&gt;Yao, H.F.M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Amaechi%2C+P%2EO%2E%22&quot;&gt;Amaechi, P.O.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;2,3&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Amory-Mazaudier%2C+C%2E%22&quot;&gt;Amory-Mazaudier, C.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;4,5&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Doumbia%2C+V%2E%22&quot;&gt;Doumbia, V.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kouassi%2C+N%2E%22&quot;&gt;Kouassi, N.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;6&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Kassamba%2C+A%2EA%2E%22&quot;&gt;Kassamba, A.A.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;1&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Tuo%2C+Z%2E%22&quot;&gt;Tuo, Z.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;relatesTo&gt;7&lt;/relatesTo&gt; (AUTHOR)
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22Advances+in+Space+Research%22&quot;&gt;Advances in Space Research&lt;/searchLink&gt;. May2026, Vol. 77 Issue 10, p10447-10461. 15p.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Equatorial+electrojet%22&quot;&gt;Equatorial electrojet&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Atmospheric+tides%22&quot;&gt;Atmospheric tides&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Geomagnetic+variations%22&quot;&gt;Geomagnetic variations&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Ionospheric+plasma%22&quot;&gt;Ionospheric plasma&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Geomagnetism%22&quot;&gt;Geomagnetism&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: SubjectGeographic
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22West+Africa%22&quot;&gt;West Africa&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Asia%22&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22East+Asia%22&quot;&gt;East Asia&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper presents a comparative analysis of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) effects along the East Asian (140&#176; E) and West African (5&#176; W) sectors using geomagnetic field data recorded in 1993. The data were obtained within the frameworks of the International Equatorial Electrojet Year (IEEY) campaign for West Africa and the Solar-Terrestrial Energy Program (STEP) project for the Asian sector. The analysis was conducted under quiet magnetic conditions (Am &lt;20 nT) to facilitate the investigation of regular daily variations ( Sr EEJ ) induced by the EEJ. Key electrodynamic parameters of the EEJ such as ribbon width, center position, and maximum current intensity were estimated using latitudinal profiles of the H and Z components of the geomagnetic field. The results reveal significant latitudinal and longitudinal variations characterized by a wider EEJ ribbon in Asia (∼714 km) compared to West Africa (∼601 km), and a higher peak current intensity in West Africa (214.3 &#177; 30.9 A/km) relative to Asia (142.4 &#177; 31.9 A/km). Also, in 1993, the EEJ centre was located north of the magnetic equator in West Africa and south of it in Asia, indicating a pronounced hemispheric asymmetry. Seasonal variations show higher EEJ intensities during the equinoxes than during the solstices in both longitude sectors. Throughout 1993, the EEJ peak intensity over West Africa consistently surpassed that over East Asia, irrespective of the magnetic season. Furthermore, the frequency of occurrence of the counter-electrojet (CEJ) was higher in West Africa, especially during the morning hours. This study shows that EEJ morphology and strength are modulated by longitude-dependent factors, including ionospheric conductivity, neutral winds, atmospheric tides, and the geomagnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.asr.2026.03.039
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 10447
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Equatorial electrojet
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Atmospheric tides
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geomagnetic variations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ionospheric plasma
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geomagnetism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: West Africa
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Asia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: East Asia
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: A study of the magnetic effects of the Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) along the East Asian and West African sectors.
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              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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