Mastering complex scientific experiments: a progressive concept mapping-based extended reality learning approach.

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Title: Mastering complex scientific experiments: a progressive concept mapping-based extended reality learning approach.
Authors: Chang, Shao-Chen1 (AUTHOR) shao.chen76@gmail.com, Yeh, Hsuan-Yu1 (AUTHOR), Han, Rui-Fang2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Interactive Learning Environments. May2026, Vol. 34 Issue 3, p1854-1870. 17p.
Subjects: Concept mapping, Chemistry education, Experiential learning, Cognitive load, Pre-tests & post-tests, Virtual reality, Effective teaching, Sequential learning
Abstract: With the development and popularization of technological devices, Extended Reality (XR) not only provides students with realistic learning environments and highly interactive learning content, but also allows students to practice and learn repeatedly in a fault-tolerant and highly free environment. However, encountering a large amount of information in a virtual learning environment can cause excessive cognitive load to students. Hence, apart from effective learning strategies and tools to guide students to learn in XR, it is also necessary to provide progressive guidance according to their learning situations. Therefore, this study proposed a progressive concept mapping-based XR learning (PCM-XRL) approach to help students learn chemistry knowledge. The study involved 73 second-year students from two classes in a senior high school, who were divided into two groups; the experimental group adopted the PCM-XRL approach while the control group adopted the conventional concept mapping-based XR learning (CCM-XRL) approach. A quasi-experimental study was designed to investigate the impact of this learning method on students' learning performance and perceptions. The results indicated that the proposed approach could enhance students' learning achievement both in chemistry and concept mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Interactive Learning Environments is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Concept+mapping%22">Concept mapping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemistry+education%22">Chemistry education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Experiential+learning%22">Experiential learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+load%22">Cognitive load</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pre-tests+%26+post-tests%22">Pre-tests & post-tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Virtual+reality%22">Virtual reality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Effective+teaching%22">Effective teaching</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sequential+learning%22">Sequential learning</searchLink>
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  Data: With the development and popularization of technological devices, Extended Reality (XR) not only provides students with realistic learning environments and highly interactive learning content, but also allows students to practice and learn repeatedly in a fault-tolerant and highly free environment. However, encountering a large amount of information in a virtual learning environment can cause excessive cognitive load to students. Hence, apart from effective learning strategies and tools to guide students to learn in XR, it is also necessary to provide progressive guidance according to their learning situations. Therefore, this study proposed a progressive concept mapping-based XR learning (PCM-XRL) approach to help students learn chemistry knowledge. The study involved 73 second-year students from two classes in a senior high school, who were divided into two groups; the experimental group adopted the PCM-XRL approach while the control group adopted the conventional concept mapping-based XR learning (CCM-XRL) approach. A quasi-experimental study was designed to investigate the impact of this learning method on students' learning performance and perceptions. The results indicated that the proposed approach could enhance students' learning achievement both in chemistry and concept mapping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Interactive Learning Environments is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/10494820.2025.2532631
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 17
        StartPage: 1854
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Concept mapping
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemistry education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Experiential learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive load
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pre-tests & post-tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Virtual reality
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Effective teaching
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sequential learning
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mastering complex scientific experiments: a progressive concept mapping-based extended reality learning approach.
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            NameFull: Chang, Shao-Chen
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            NameFull: Yeh, Hsuan-Yu
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            NameFull: Han, Rui-Fang
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 34
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            – TitleFull: Interactive Learning Environments
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