Lyocell–modal thread microfluidic platform integrated with a microneedle sensor for lactate detection in saliva.

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Title: Lyocell–modal thread microfluidic platform integrated with a microneedle sensor for lactate detection in saliva.
Authors: Ding, Ling1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Huizi1 (AUTHOR), Li, Yao1 (AUTHOR), Kameoka, Jun1 (AUTHOR) jkameoka@waseda.jp
Source: Lab on a Chip. 5/5/2026, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p2804-2819. 16p.
Subjects: Thread (Textiles), Electrochemical sensors, Saliva analysis, Microfluidics, Point-of-care testing, Microsensors, Cellulose fibers, Lactates
Abstract: The advancement of wearable and point-of-care (POC) biosensing technologies has driven a growing demand for microfluidic substrates that are flexible, hydrophilic, and compatible with electrochemical sensing. In this study, a lyocell-based thread microfluidic platform was developed to overcome limitations of conventional microfluidic systems. The device employs polypropylene (PP) mesh as a structural substrate and is coupled with a modal absorption pad to sustain consistent and continuous liquid transport. Lyocell's inherent capillary-driven wicking, superior hydrophilicity, semicrystalline microstructure, and high wet modulus collectively provide excellent liquid transport efficiency, structural stability under wet conditions, and bubble-free flow. Experimental analysis revealed that unmodified lyocell achieved liquid transport velocities comparable to plasma-treated cotton, confirming its intrinsic capillary efficiency. When integrated with a microneedle-based electrochemical sensor, the device demonstrated rapid analyte delivery and stable signal generation for both ferrocyanide and lactate detection. The thread-integrated lactate sensor exhibited a strong log-linear correlation, with limits of detection (LoD) of 0.433 mM using chronoamperometry (CA) and 0.51 mM using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Human saliva testing was also conducted using saliva samples, and the results were compared with blood lactate concentrations. A strong correlation was observed between salivary and blood lactate levels (R = 0.94). Overall, the lyocell–modal hybrid microfluidic platform provides a sustainable, low-cost, and scalable strategy for electrochemical point-of-care testing (POCT), offering a promising route toward next-generation lab-on-fabric systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Lab on a Chip is the property of Royal Society of Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Lyocell–modal thread microfluidic platform integrated with a microneedle sensor for lactate detection in saliva.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ding%2C+Ling%22">Ding, Ling</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Huizi%22">Zhang, Huizi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Yao%22">Li, Yao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kameoka%2C+Jun%22">Kameoka, Jun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jkameoka@waseda.jp</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Lab+on+a+Chip%22">Lab on a Chip</searchLink>. 5/5/2026, Vol. 26 Issue 9, p2804-2819. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thread+%28Textiles%29%22">Thread (Textiles)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrochemical+sensors%22">Electrochemical sensors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Saliva+analysis%22">Saliva analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microfluidics%22">Microfluidics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Point-of-care+testing%22">Point-of-care testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microsensors%22">Microsensors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose+fibers%22">Cellulose fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lactates%22">Lactates</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The advancement of wearable and point-of-care (POC) biosensing technologies has driven a growing demand for microfluidic substrates that are flexible, hydrophilic, and compatible with electrochemical sensing. In this study, a lyocell-based thread microfluidic platform was developed to overcome limitations of conventional microfluidic systems. The device employs polypropylene (PP) mesh as a structural substrate and is coupled with a modal absorption pad to sustain consistent and continuous liquid transport. Lyocell's inherent capillary-driven wicking, superior hydrophilicity, semicrystalline microstructure, and high wet modulus collectively provide excellent liquid transport efficiency, structural stability under wet conditions, and bubble-free flow. Experimental analysis revealed that unmodified lyocell achieved liquid transport velocities comparable to plasma-treated cotton, confirming its intrinsic capillary efficiency. When integrated with a microneedle-based electrochemical sensor, the device demonstrated rapid analyte delivery and stable signal generation for both ferrocyanide and lactate detection. The thread-integrated lactate sensor exhibited a strong log-linear correlation, with limits of detection (LoD) of 0.433 mM using chronoamperometry (CA) and 0.51 mM using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Human saliva testing was also conducted using saliva samples, and the results were compared with blood lactate concentrations. A strong correlation was observed between salivary and blood lactate levels (R = 0.94). Overall, the lyocell–modal hybrid microfluidic platform provides a sustainable, low-cost, and scalable strategy for electrochemical point-of-care testing (POCT), offering a promising route toward next-generation lab-on-fabric systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Lab on a Chip is the property of Royal Society of Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1039/d5lc01063b
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 2804
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Thread (Textiles)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrochemical sensors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Saliva analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microfluidics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Point-of-care testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microsensors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellulose fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lactates
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Lyocell–modal thread microfluidic platform integrated with a microneedle sensor for lactate detection in saliva.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ding, Ling
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            NameFull: Zhang, Huizi
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            NameFull: Li, Yao
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            NameFull: Kameoka, Jun
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          Dates:
            – D: 05
              M: 05
              Text: 5/5/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 14730197
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              Value: 26
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              Value: 9
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            – TitleFull: Lab on a Chip
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