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Nonlinear Response‐History Analyses of Masonry and Mixed Structures With HybriDFEM.

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Title: Nonlinear Response‐History Analyses of Masonry and Mixed Structures With HybriDFEM.
Authors: Bouckaert, Igor1 (AUTHOR), Godio, Michele2 (AUTHOR) michele.godio@ri.se, de Almeida, João Pacheco1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics. 7/10/2026, Vol. 55 Issue 8, p1694-1709. 16p.
Subjects: Discrete element method, Time integration scheme, Finite element method, Structural analysis (Engineering), Structural dynamics, Masonry, Reinforced masonry
Abstract: The hybrid discrete‐finite element (HybriDFEM) method, previously developed to perform static and modal analysis in discrete and coupled discrete‐finite element models, is extended to nonlinear response‐history analyses. The equations of motion for the HybriDFEM model are solved through various numerical time‐integration schemes, both explicit and implicit, and considering different damping models. Specific examples are presented to assess the effectiveness of the implementation. First, a stability and accuracy analysis is performed on an undamped elastic beam undergoing free vibrations to investigate period elongation with respect to the time step. Next, the dynamic response of a masonry column and masonry arch subjected to impulse loads is evaluated, exploring the performance of HybriDFEM in problems involving rocking, curved geometries, large deformations, and damping. It is shown, by comparison with other discrete element models, that both rocking and full collapse can be captured with fidelity by HybriDFEM, and that implicit schemes can reduce the computational demand with respect to explicit ones without affecting solution accuracy. Although the use of viscous Rayleigh damping defined at the global level is commonly implemented in FEM, key issues related to its use in DEM are raised and explained in this paper, namely the occurrence of mechanisms during the analysis, which can nullify damping forces when tangent stiffness‐proportional damping is employed. In the final example, a response analysis is conducted on a numerical mock‐up representative of a mixed reinforced concrete‐masonry building subjected to ground motion. It demonstrates how complex interactions between structural elements can be captured with realistic simulation timeframes by coupling rigid‐block HybriDFEM representations, for the masonry walls, with standard beam elements, for the reinforced concrete beams and columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193599835
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Nonlinear Response‐History Analyses of Masonry and Mixed Structures With HybriDFEM.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bouckaert%2C+Igor%22">Bouckaert, Igor</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Godio%2C+Michele%22">Godio, Michele</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> michele.godio@ri.se</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Almeida%2C+João+Pacheco%22">de Almeida, João Pacheco</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Earthquake+Engineering+%26+Structural+Dynamics%22">Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics</searchLink>. 7/10/2026, Vol. 55 Issue 8, p1694-1709. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Discrete+element+method%22">Discrete element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+integration+scheme%22">Time integration scheme</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+analysis+%28Engineering%29%22">Structural analysis (Engineering)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+dynamics%22">Structural dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Masonry%22">Masonry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reinforced+masonry%22">Reinforced masonry</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The hybrid discrete‐finite element (HybriDFEM) method, previously developed to perform static and modal analysis in discrete and coupled discrete‐finite element models, is extended to nonlinear response‐history analyses. The equations of motion for the HybriDFEM model are solved through various numerical time‐integration schemes, both explicit and implicit, and considering different damping models. Specific examples are presented to assess the effectiveness of the implementation. First, a stability and accuracy analysis is performed on an undamped elastic beam undergoing free vibrations to investigate period elongation with respect to the time step. Next, the dynamic response of a masonry column and masonry arch subjected to impulse loads is evaluated, exploring the performance of HybriDFEM in problems involving rocking, curved geometries, large deformations, and damping. It is shown, by comparison with other discrete element models, that both rocking and full collapse can be captured with fidelity by HybriDFEM, and that implicit schemes can reduce the computational demand with respect to explicit ones without affecting solution accuracy. Although the use of viscous Rayleigh damping defined at the global level is commonly implemented in FEM, key issues related to its use in DEM are raised and explained in this paper, namely the occurrence of mechanisms during the analysis, which can nullify damping forces when tangent stiffness‐proportional damping is employed. In the final example, a response analysis is conducted on a numerical mock‐up representative of a mixed reinforced concrete‐masonry building subjected to ground motion. It demonstrates how complex interactions between structural elements can be captured with realistic simulation timeframes by coupling rigid‐block HybriDFEM representations, for the masonry walls, with standard beam elements, for the reinforced concrete beams and columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1002/eqe.70127
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1694
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Discrete element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Time integration scheme
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Finite element method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural analysis (Engineering)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Masonry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reinforced masonry
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Nonlinear Response‐History Analyses of Masonry and Mixed Structures With HybriDFEM.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Bouckaert, Igor
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          Name:
            NameFull: Godio, Michele
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            NameFull: de Almeida, João Pacheco
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          Dates:
            – D: 10
              M: 07
              Text: 7/10/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
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