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A comprehensive review of photon subtraction: principles, implementations, and emerging applications in quantum technologies.

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Title: A comprehensive review of photon subtraction: principles, implementations, and emerging applications in quantum technologies.
Authors: Javid, Muhammad1 (AUTHOR), Noreen, Iqra2 (AUTHOR), Iqbal, Rehmat3 (AUTHOR) rehmat_iqball@outlook.com, Idrees, Muhammad1 (AUTHOR) idreesktk1991@outlook.com
Source: Optical & Quantum Electronics. May2026, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p1-51. 51p.
Subjects: Beam splitters, Photon counting, Quantum states, Quantum communication, Quantum computers, Quantum optics, Quantum information science
Abstract: This review offers a thorough examination of a comprehensive and accessible analysis of photon subtraction, elucidating its theoretical foundations, experimental advancements, and transformative applications in quantum technology. We delve into the quantum mechanics of photon subtraction and highlight the pivotal role of beam splitter operations in quantum state engineering. Robust theoretical models and well-defined mathematical frameworks illustrate how photon subtraction transforms Gaussian states into non-Gaussian states, thereby facilitating the generation of non-classical resources essential for quantum information processing. This review investigates recent progress in experimental research, focusing on innovations in detection technologies and scalable, integrated photonic platforms. By synthesizing recent developments and their broader technological implications, this review underscores the significant contributions of photon subtraction to advances in quantum communication, computation, and precision metrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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  Data: A comprehensive review of photon subtraction: principles, implementations, and emerging applications in quantum technologies.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optical+%26+Quantum+Electronics%22">Optical & Quantum Electronics</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 58 Issue 5, p1-51. 51p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beam+splitters%22">Beam splitters</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photon+counting%22">Photon counting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+states%22">Quantum states</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+communication%22">Quantum communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+computers%22">Quantum computers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+optics%22">Quantum optics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quantum+information+science%22">Quantum information science</searchLink>
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  Data: This review offers a thorough examination of a comprehensive and accessible analysis of photon subtraction, elucidating its theoretical foundations, experimental advancements, and transformative applications in quantum technology. We delve into the quantum mechanics of photon subtraction and highlight the pivotal role of beam splitter operations in quantum state engineering. Robust theoretical models and well-defined mathematical frameworks illustrate how photon subtraction transforms Gaussian states into non-Gaussian states, thereby facilitating the generation of non-classical resources essential for quantum information processing. This review investigates recent progress in experimental research, focusing on innovations in detection technologies and scalable, integrated photonic platforms. By synthesizing recent developments and their broader technological implications, this review underscores the significant contributions of photon subtraction to advances in quantum communication, computation, and precision metrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Optical & Quantum Electronics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s11082-026-08804-5
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum states
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum communication
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      – SubjectFull: Quantum computers
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              Text: May2026
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