Enhanced Wear Resistance of Tungsten-Reinforced Brass Surface Composite Produced Through Friction Stir Processing at Varying Tool Rotational Speed.

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Title: Enhanced Wear Resistance of Tungsten-Reinforced Brass Surface Composite Produced Through Friction Stir Processing at Varying Tool Rotational Speed.
Authors: Alswat, Haitham M.1 (AUTHOR), Sivaraman, Karpagarajan2 (AUTHOR) karpagamarine@gmail.com, Chinnasamy, Balamurugan3 (AUTHOR), Soundararaja Perumal, Vigneshwaran4 (AUTHOR), Aziz, El-Sayed I. Abdel5 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1745. 13p.
Subjects: Friction stir processing, Wear resistance, Grain refinement, Sliding wear, Microstructure, Rotational motion, Tungsten alloys, Hardness
Abstract: This study examines the effect of tool rotational speed on the microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of brass–tungsten (brass/W) surface composites fabricated through friction stir processing. Microstructural analysis confirmed a uniform distribution of tungsten particles within the stir zone, with no observable clustering. Improved properties were achieved at a lower traverse speed of 40 mm/min combined with a higher rotational speed of 1168 rpm, which promoted finer grain formation (~4 µm) and better particle dispersion. An increase in rotational speed led to a corresponding rise in hardness, from 142 HV at 832 rpm to 165 HV at 1168 rpm. In terms of wear behavior, the sample processed at lower rotational speed exhibited abrasive and micro-cutting wear, whereas the sample processed at higher rotational speed predominantly showed adhesive wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Enhanced Wear Resistance of Tungsten-Reinforced Brass Surface Composite Produced Through Friction Stir Processing at Varying Tool Rotational Speed.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1745. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Friction+stir+processing%22">Friction stir processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grain+refinement%22">Grain refinement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sliding+wear%22">Sliding wear</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rotational+motion%22">Rotational motion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tungsten+alloys%22">Tungsten alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hardness%22">Hardness</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This study examines the effect of tool rotational speed on the microstructure and dry sliding wear behavior of brass–tungsten (brass/W) surface composites fabricated through friction stir processing. Microstructural analysis confirmed a uniform distribution of tungsten particles within the stir zone, with no observable clustering. Improved properties were achieved at a lower traverse speed of 40 mm/min combined with a higher rotational speed of 1168 rpm, which promoted finer grain formation (~4 µm) and better particle dispersion. An increase in rotational speed led to a corresponding rise in hardness, from 142 HV at 832 rpm to 165 HV at 1168 rpm. In terms of wear behavior, the sample processed at lower rotational speed exhibited abrasive and micro-cutting wear, whereas the sample processed at higher rotational speed predominantly showed adhesive wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/ma19091745
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 1745
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Friction stir processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wear resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grain refinement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sliding wear
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rotational motion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tungsten alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hardness
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Enhanced Wear Resistance of Tungsten-Reinforced Brass Surface Composite Produced Through Friction Stir Processing at Varying Tool Rotational Speed.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Alswat, Haitham M.
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            NameFull: Sivaraman, Karpagarajan
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            NameFull: Chinnasamy, Balamurugan
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            NameFull: Soundararaja Perumal, Vigneshwaran
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            NameFull: Aziz, El-Sayed I. Abdel
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 9
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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