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A Comparative Review of Biological, Electrochemical, and Membrane-Based Methods for Direct Ocean Carbon Capture.

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Title: A Comparative Review of Biological, Electrochemical, and Membrane-Based Methods for Direct Ocean Carbon Capture.
Authors: Wang, Zhe1 (AUTHOR), Zheng, Jiayu1,2 (AUTHOR), Guo, Siyuan1,3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ting1,4 (AUTHOR), Wang, Zhen1,2 (AUTHOR), Cao, Hang2,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Gang Kevin3,4 (AUTHOR) li.g@unimelb.edu.au, Li, Shupeng1,4 (AUTHOR), Yang, Yi1 (AUTHOR) yangyi@gdou.edu.cn
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1763. 22p.
Subjects: Ocean acidification, Technology assessment, Carbon dioxide adsorption, Carbon sequestration
Abstract: Direct ocean carbon capture (DOC) has emerged as a promising strategy for mitigating atmospheric CO2 levels and addressing ocean acidification. Unlike direct air carbon capture methods, DOC leverages the ocean's vast carbon storage capacity, offering a scalable and efficient route for carbon dioxide removal. This systematic comparative review categorizes existing DOC methods into three types: (1) biological carbon capture, which relies on photosynthesis by microalgae and marine microorganisms; (2) electrochemical carbon capture, which utilizes water electrolysis to generate H+ and OH− ions for pH-driven CO2 removal; and (3) physical carbon capture, which employs hollow fiber membranes to directly separate CO2 from seawater. For each technology, we evaluate efficiency, energy consumption, cost, technology readiness level (TRL), scalability, and major challenges. By integrating recent pilot data and providing a critical assessment, this review offers a roadmap for future research in direct seawater CO2 capture. The comparative analysis reveals that electrochemical methods achieve the highest efficiency (60–85%) but face membrane fouling and electrode degradation challenges, while biological methods offer low-energy operation but suffer from slow kinetics and high harvesting costs, and membrane-based methods provide high removal rates (up to 94%) but require improved fouling resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193715569
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: A Comparative Review of Biological, Electrochemical, and Membrane-Based Methods for Direct Ocean Carbon Capture.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhe%22">Wang, Zhe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zheng%2C+Jiayu%22">Zheng, Jiayu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Siyuan%22">Guo, Siyuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Ting%22">Zhang, Ting</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhen%22">Wang, Zhen</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+Hang%22">Cao, Hang</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Gang+Kevin%22">Li, Gang Kevin</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> li.g@unimelb.edu.au</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Shupeng%22">Li, Shupeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yang%2C+Yi%22">Yang, Yi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yangyi@gdou.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1763. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean+acidification%22">Ocean acidification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+assessment%22">Technology assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+dioxide+adsorption%22">Carbon dioxide adsorption</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Carbon+sequestration%22">Carbon sequestration</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Direct ocean carbon capture (DOC) has emerged as a promising strategy for mitigating atmospheric CO2 levels and addressing ocean acidification. Unlike direct air carbon capture methods, DOC leverages the ocean's vast carbon storage capacity, offering a scalable and efficient route for carbon dioxide removal. This systematic comparative review categorizes existing DOC methods into three types: (1) biological carbon capture, which relies on photosynthesis by microalgae and marine microorganisms; (2) electrochemical carbon capture, which utilizes water electrolysis to generate H+ and OH− ions for pH-driven CO2 removal; and (3) physical carbon capture, which employs hollow fiber membranes to directly separate CO2 from seawater. For each technology, we evaluate efficiency, energy consumption, cost, technology readiness level (TRL), scalability, and major challenges. By integrating recent pilot data and providing a critical assessment, this review offers a roadmap for future research in direct seawater CO2 capture. The comparative analysis reveals that electrochemical methods achieve the highest efficiency (60–85%) but face membrane fouling and electrode degradation challenges, while biological methods offer low-energy operation but suffer from slow kinetics and high harvesting costs, and membrane-based methods provide high removal rates (up to 94%) but require improved fouling resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19091763
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 1763
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Ocean acidification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technology assessment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon dioxide adsorption
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Carbon sequestration
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A Comparative Review of Biological, Electrochemical, and Membrane-Based Methods for Direct Ocean Carbon Capture.
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            NameFull: Wang, Zhe
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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