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Mesoscopic Damage Characteristics of NEPE Propellant Under Drop-Weight Impact.

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Title: Mesoscopic Damage Characteristics of NEPE Propellant Under Drop-Weight Impact.
Authors: Zhang, Zhibo1 (AUTHOR), Sun, Zhensheng1 (AUTHOR) sunzs.2014@tsinghua.org.cn, Liu, Yuxiang1 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Yujie1 (AUTHOR), Hu, Yu1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1773. 25p.
Subjects: Solid propellants, Impact testing, Safety, Rocket engines, Computer simulation, X-ray computed microtomography
Abstract: During the production, storage, and use of solid rocket motors, the impact generated by unexpected accidents, such as collision or drop, will cause damage to the propellant and affect the safety of the motor. However, the progressive evolution mechanism of mesoscopic damage in NEPE propellant under such impact conditions has not been fully elucidated, and there is still a lack of quantitative method to evaluate the impact-induced damage degree, which restricts the engineering safety assessment of solid rocket motors. To investigate the influence mechanism, the mesoscale damage characteristics of NEPE propellant under drop-weight impact is systematically studied. First, damaged NEPE specimens are obtained by conducting drop-weight experiments with a 10 kg hammer, where the drop height is varied to apply different impact impulses. The internal meso-structure of the propellant is then characterized using micro-CT, yielding detailed imagery of the refined meso-structural features and damage morphologies in the NEPE propellant. To capture the dynamic evolution process of mesoscale damage, a mesoscopic model incorporating AP, Al, HMX particles and voids, is subsequently constructed based on the high-precision mesoscopic morphology characterized by micro-CT. By integrating the deviatoric constitutive model, Gurson plastic damage model, and bilinear cohesive zone model, high-fidelity numerical simulations of the drop-weight impact damage process are performed using the advanced SPH-FEM coupling algorithm. The results indicate that no significant damage occurs when the impact impulse is less than 13.85 N·s. As the impulse increases, phenomena including matrix microcracks, void collapse, particle/matrix interface debonding, and main crack formation appear sequentially. When the impulse exceeds 24.25 N·s, particle fragmentation and transgranular fracture occur, accompanied by plastic flow and frictional heating that induce ignition. Finally, the overall damage degree is fitted by the Boltzmann function, and a function for quantitatively describing the damage degree is obtained, which can provide theoretical support for the impact safety assessment of solid rocket motors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193715579
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Mesoscopic Damage Characteristics of NEPE Propellant Under Drop-Weight Impact.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Zhibo%22">Zhang, Zhibo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Zhensheng%22">Sun, Zhensheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sunzs.2014@tsinghua.org.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Yuxiang%22">Liu, Yuxiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Yujie%22">Zhu, Yujie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Yu%22">Hu, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1773. 25p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solid+propellants%22">Solid propellants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Impact+testing%22">Impact testing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Safety%22">Safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rocket+engines%22">Rocket engines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22X-ray+computed+microtomography%22">X-ray computed microtomography</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: During the production, storage, and use of solid rocket motors, the impact generated by unexpected accidents, such as collision or drop, will cause damage to the propellant and affect the safety of the motor. However, the progressive evolution mechanism of mesoscopic damage in NEPE propellant under such impact conditions has not been fully elucidated, and there is still a lack of quantitative method to evaluate the impact-induced damage degree, which restricts the engineering safety assessment of solid rocket motors. To investigate the influence mechanism, the mesoscale damage characteristics of NEPE propellant under drop-weight impact is systematically studied. First, damaged NEPE specimens are obtained by conducting drop-weight experiments with a 10 kg hammer, where the drop height is varied to apply different impact impulses. The internal meso-structure of the propellant is then characterized using micro-CT, yielding detailed imagery of the refined meso-structural features and damage morphologies in the NEPE propellant. To capture the dynamic evolution process of mesoscale damage, a mesoscopic model incorporating AP, Al, HMX particles and voids, is subsequently constructed based on the high-precision mesoscopic morphology characterized by micro-CT. By integrating the deviatoric constitutive model, Gurson plastic damage model, and bilinear cohesive zone model, high-fidelity numerical simulations of the drop-weight impact damage process are performed using the advanced SPH-FEM coupling algorithm. The results indicate that no significant damage occurs when the impact impulse is less than 13.85 N·s. As the impulse increases, phenomena including matrix microcracks, void collapse, particle/matrix interface debonding, and main crack formation appear sequentially. When the impulse exceeds 24.25 N·s, particle fragmentation and transgranular fracture occur, accompanied by plastic flow and frictional heating that induce ignition. Finally, the overall damage degree is fitted by the Boltzmann function, and a function for quantitatively describing the damage degree is obtained, which can provide theoretical support for the impact safety assessment of solid rocket motors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/ma19091773
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 1773
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Impact testing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Safety
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rocket engines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computer simulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: X-ray computed microtomography
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Mesoscopic Damage Characteristics of NEPE Propellant Under Drop-Weight Impact.
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            NameFull: Zhang, Zhibo
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              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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