An Investigation of the Influence of the Sequence of Laser Texturing and Heat Treatment Processes on the Coefficient of Friction of X165CrMoV12 Steel.
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| Title: | An Investigation of the Influence of the Sequence of Laser Texturing and Heat Treatment Processes on the Coefficient of Friction of X165CrMoV12 Steel. |
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| Authors: | Sofronov, Yavor1 (AUTHOR) anikolov@tu-sofia.bg, Dochev, Boyan2 (AUTHOR) kpetrov@tu-sofia.bg, Nikolov, Antonio3 (AUTHOR), Petrov, Krum3,4 (AUTHOR), Mishev, Valentin3,5 (AUTHOR), Dimitrova, Rayna3,6 (AUTHOR), Yordanov, Milko4,7 (AUTHOR), Angelov, Milko5,8 (AUTHOR), Todorov, Georgi1,6,7 (AUTHOR), Marchev, Krassimir2,5,8 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1781. 18p. |
| Subjects: | Heat treatment, Laser machining, Chromium molybdenum steel, Laser pulses, Surface roughness, Dry friction |
| Abstract: | The effect of nanosecond laser modification on X165CrMoV12 tool steel before and after heat treatment was investigated. Three laser texturing modes were applied to the studied material, with the variables being the frequency used and the pulse energy: 50 kHz/pulse energy 0.9 mJ, 100 kHz/pulse energy 0.45 mJ, and 150 kHz/pulse energy 0.3 mJ. The other parameters of laser texturing were power—90%; speed—500 mm/s; hatching angle—0° (horizontal), +60°/−60° (or equivalent 120°), and +30°/−30° (or equivalent 150°); and Hatching Distance—0.02 mm. The surface laser modification process aims to obtain a homogeneous and adaptive surface relief optimizing the operational properties of the working surfaces of the parts under dry contact friction conditions. The influence of the used laser modification modes on the roughness class of the obtained surfaces, the structure of the formed modified surface and the friction coefficient was studied. The comparative analysis showed that the lowest roughness class (Ra—4.123 µm) was obtained when using an operating frequency of 50 kHz. The obtained friction coefficient values were lowest in the following sequence of processes: laser texturing and subsequent thermal treatment. The lowest friction coefficient (µ = 0.0041) was registered in the test bodies processed with a mode in which the operating frequency was 50 kHz and the pulse energy was 0.9 mJ, after which they were subjected to thermal treatment according to the used cycle. In this processing sequence, no diffusion-related defects (decarburization) were observed on the surface layer of the tested steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 193715587 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: An Investigation of the Influence of the Sequence of Laser Texturing and Heat Treatment Processes on the Coefficient of Friction of X165CrMoV12 Steel. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sofronov%2C+Yavor%22">Sofronov, Yavor</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> anikolov@tu-sofia.bg</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dochev%2C+Boyan%22">Dochev, Boyan</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> kpetrov@tu-sofia.bg</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nikolov%2C+Antonio%22">Nikolov, Antonio</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Petrov%2C+Krum%22">Petrov, Krum</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mishev%2C+Valentin%22">Mishev, Valentin</searchLink><relatesTo>3,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dimitrova%2C+Rayna%22">Dimitrova, Rayna</searchLink><relatesTo>3,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yordanov%2C+Milko%22">Yordanov, Milko</searchLink><relatesTo>4,7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Angelov%2C+Milko%22">Angelov, Milko</searchLink><relatesTo>5,8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Todorov%2C+Georgi%22">Todorov, Georgi</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6,7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marchev%2C+Krassimir%22">Marchev, Krassimir</searchLink><relatesTo>2,5,8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1781. 18p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+treatment%22">Heat treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laser+machining%22">Laser machining</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chromium+molybdenum+steel%22">Chromium molybdenum steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Laser+pulses%22">Laser pulses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+roughness%22">Surface roughness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dry+friction%22">Dry friction</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The effect of nanosecond laser modification on X165CrMoV12 tool steel before and after heat treatment was investigated. Three laser texturing modes were applied to the studied material, with the variables being the frequency used and the pulse energy: 50 kHz/pulse energy 0.9 mJ, 100 kHz/pulse energy 0.45 mJ, and 150 kHz/pulse energy 0.3 mJ. The other parameters of laser texturing were power—90%; speed—500 mm/s; hatching angle—0° (horizontal), +60°/−60° (or equivalent 120°), and +30°/−30° (or equivalent 150°); and Hatching Distance—0.02 mm. The surface laser modification process aims to obtain a homogeneous and adaptive surface relief optimizing the operational properties of the working surfaces of the parts under dry contact friction conditions. The influence of the used laser modification modes on the roughness class of the obtained surfaces, the structure of the formed modified surface and the friction coefficient was studied. The comparative analysis showed that the lowest roughness class (Ra—4.123 µm) was obtained when using an operating frequency of 50 kHz. The obtained friction coefficient values were lowest in the following sequence of processes: laser texturing and subsequent thermal treatment. The lowest friction coefficient (µ = 0.0041) was registered in the test bodies processed with a mode in which the operating frequency was 50 kHz and the pulse energy was 0.9 mJ, after which they were subjected to thermal treatment according to the used cycle. In this processing sequence, no diffusion-related defects (decarburization) were observed on the surface layer of the tested steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/ma19091781 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 18 StartPage: 1781 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Heat treatment Type: general – SubjectFull: Laser machining Type: general – SubjectFull: Chromium molybdenum steel Type: general – SubjectFull: Laser pulses Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface roughness Type: general – SubjectFull: Dry friction Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: An Investigation of the Influence of the Sequence of Laser Texturing and Heat Treatment Processes on the Coefficient of Friction of X165CrMoV12 Steel. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sofronov, Yavor – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dochev, Boyan – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Nikolov, Antonio – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Petrov, Krum – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mishev, Valentin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dimitrova, Rayna – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yordanov, Milko – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Angelov, Milko – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Todorov, Georgi – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marchev, Krassimir IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19961944 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 19 – Type: issue Value: 9 Titles: – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944) Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
