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Preparation and Characterization of Temperature-Triggered Microcapsules Fabricated via Low-Temperature Shear Method.

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Title: Preparation and Characterization of Temperature-Triggered Microcapsules Fabricated via Low-Temperature Shear Method.
Authors: Xie, Zhitian1 (AUTHOR), Wang, He1 (AUTHOR), Song, Wei1 (AUTHOR), Xu, Chentao1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Shicheng1 (AUTHOR), Niu, Xiaokai1 (AUTHOR) metronxk@126.com, Qi, Meng1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1799. 26p.
Subjects: Microencapsulation, Thermoresponsive polymers, Fabrication (Manufacturing), Smart materials
Abstract: Highlights: A novel composite core design strategy is proposed for the encapsulation of highly alkaline sodium silicate. A temperature-responsive microcapsule system is fabricated via a one-step low-temperature shear method. HPMC serves triple functions: chemical buffer, rheology modifier, and built-in temperature trigger. The microcapsules exhibit favorable short-term alkali resistance and distinct temperature-triggered release behavior. This work provides a new methodological approach for the design of stimuli-responsive microcapsules for cement-based grouting materials. Emergency leakage repair in subway shield tunnels requires a technique to encapsulate highly reactive sodium silicate that is simple and field-deployable, yet no mature solution currently exists. The challenge lies in sodium silicate's strong alkalinity and high osmotic pressure, both of which corrode most shell materials. This study proposes a "composite core" concept—functionally re-engineering the core rather than relying on complex shell chemistries. Using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the key material, temperature-triggered microcapsules with a nano-silica shell and sodium silicate–HPMC core were fabricated via low-temperature shear. Low temperature (10–15 °C) is critical: it suppresses side reactions and tunes viscosity to 2000–5000 cP, facilitating shear dispersion. The resulting microcapsules exhibit well-defined morphology with a dense shell. Temperature response tests reveal distinct release onset at ~30 °C (HPMC's LCST): HPMC chain collapse generates internal stress that ruptures the shell, driving progressive sodium silicate release. Alkaline resistance tests confirm that intact microcapsules remain stable in high-pH environments (pH ≈ 13.2) for 30 min. This work validates the "composite core" concept and provides a simple, field-operable route to fabricate temperature-triggered microcapsules for emergency repair applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 193715605
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Preparation and Characterization of Temperature-Triggered Microcapsules Fabricated via Low-Temperature Shear Method.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xie%2C+Zhitian%22">Xie, Zhitian</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+He%22">Wang, He</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Song%2C+Wei%22">Song, Wei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Chentao%22">Xu, Chentao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Shicheng%22">Liu, Shicheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Niu%2C+Xiaokai%22">Niu, Xiaokai</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> metronxk@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Qi%2C+Meng%22">Qi, Meng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1799. 26p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microencapsulation%22">Microencapsulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermoresponsive+polymers%22">Thermoresponsive polymers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fabrication+%28Manufacturing%29%22">Fabrication (Manufacturing)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Smart+materials%22">Smart materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Highlights: A novel composite core design strategy is proposed for the encapsulation of highly alkaline sodium silicate. A temperature-responsive microcapsule system is fabricated via a one-step low-temperature shear method. HPMC serves triple functions: chemical buffer, rheology modifier, and built-in temperature trigger. The microcapsules exhibit favorable short-term alkali resistance and distinct temperature-triggered release behavior. This work provides a new methodological approach for the design of stimuli-responsive microcapsules for cement-based grouting materials. Emergency leakage repair in subway shield tunnels requires a technique to encapsulate highly reactive sodium silicate that is simple and field-deployable, yet no mature solution currently exists. The challenge lies in sodium silicate's strong alkalinity and high osmotic pressure, both of which corrode most shell materials. This study proposes a "composite core" concept—functionally re-engineering the core rather than relying on complex shell chemistries. Using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the key material, temperature-triggered microcapsules with a nano-silica shell and sodium silicate–HPMC core were fabricated via low-temperature shear. Low temperature (10–15 °C) is critical: it suppresses side reactions and tunes viscosity to 2000–5000 cP, facilitating shear dispersion. The resulting microcapsules exhibit well-defined morphology with a dense shell. Temperature response tests reveal distinct release onset at ~30 °C (HPMC's LCST): HPMC chain collapse generates internal stress that ruptures the shell, driving progressive sodium silicate release. Alkaline resistance tests confirm that intact microcapsules remain stable in high-pH environments (pH ≈ 13.2) for 30 min. This work validates the "composite core" concept and provides a simple, field-operable route to fabricate temperature-triggered microcapsules for emergency repair applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19091799
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 26
        StartPage: 1799
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Microencapsulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermoresponsive polymers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fabrication (Manufacturing)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Smart materials
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Preparation and Characterization of Temperature-Triggered Microcapsules Fabricated via Low-Temperature Shear Method.
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            NameFull: Xie, Zhitian
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            NameFull: Wang, He
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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