Enzymatically Crosslinked Chitosan–Hyaluronic Acid Layer-by-Layer Microcapsules with Controlled Permeability and Enhanced Stability for Cell Encapsulation.

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Title: Enzymatically Crosslinked Chitosan–Hyaluronic Acid Layer-by-Layer Microcapsules with Controlled Permeability and Enhanced Stability for Cell Encapsulation.
Authors: Terada, Ririko1 (AUTHOR), Sakai, Shinji1 (AUTHOR) sakai@cheng.es.osaka-u.ac.jp
Source: Polymers (20734360). May2026, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1115. 21p.
Subjects: Crosslinking (Polymerization), Microencapsulation, Membrane permeability (Biology), Chitosan, Hyaluronic acid, Cellular therapy
Abstract: Cell encapsulation within semipermeable membranes is a promising strategy for protecting transplanted cells from host immune responses, while permitting the diffusion of nutrients and therapeutic molecules. Although alginate-based microcapsules are commonly used, ionically crosslinked capsules often exhibit limited structural stability and tunability in terms of membrane permeability. In this study, we developed covalently stabilized microcapsules. Alginate microgel beads were first prepared as sacrificial templates and subsequently coated with phenol-modified chitosan and hyaluronic acid (Chitosan–Ph and HA-Ph) via layer-by-layer assembly. The multilayer membrane was then covalently stabilized through horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mediated oxidative coupling of phenol groups, followed by liquefaction of the alginate core. The crosslinked microcapsules maintained structural integrity after liquefaction, while markedly reducing γ-globulin permeation under in vitro conditions and preserving β-cell viability and glucose responsiveness. The findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of this system as an in vitro platform for stable cell encapsulation, with potential relevance to cell therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Enzymatically Crosslinked Chitosan–Hyaluronic Acid Layer-by-Layer Microcapsules with Controlled Permeability and Enhanced Stability for Cell Encapsulation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 18 Issue 9, p1115. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crosslinking+%28Polymerization%29%22">Crosslinking (Polymerization)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microencapsulation%22">Microencapsulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Membrane+permeability+%28Biology%29%22">Membrane permeability (Biology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chitosan%22">Chitosan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hyaluronic+acid%22">Hyaluronic acid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellular+therapy%22">Cellular therapy</searchLink>
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  Data: Cell encapsulation within semipermeable membranes is a promising strategy for protecting transplanted cells from host immune responses, while permitting the diffusion of nutrients and therapeutic molecules. Although alginate-based microcapsules are commonly used, ionically crosslinked capsules often exhibit limited structural stability and tunability in terms of membrane permeability. In this study, we developed covalently stabilized microcapsules. Alginate microgel beads were first prepared as sacrificial templates and subsequently coated with phenol-modified chitosan and hyaluronic acid (Chitosan–Ph and HA-Ph) via layer-by-layer assembly. The multilayer membrane was then covalently stabilized through horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-mediated oxidative coupling of phenol groups, followed by liquefaction of the alginate core. The crosslinked microcapsules maintained structural integrity after liquefaction, while markedly reducing γ-globulin permeation under in vitro conditions and preserving β-cell viability and glucose responsiveness. The findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of this system as an in vitro platform for stable cell encapsulation, with potential relevance to cell therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/polym18091115
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 1115
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Crosslinking (Polymerization)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microencapsulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Membrane permeability (Biology)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chitosan
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hyaluronic acid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cellular therapy
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Enzymatically Crosslinked Chitosan–Hyaluronic Acid Layer-by-Layer Microcapsules with Controlled Permeability and Enhanced Stability for Cell Encapsulation.
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            NameFull: Terada, Ririko
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            NameFull: Sakai, Shinji
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 18
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              Value: 9
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            – TitleFull: Polymers (20734360)
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