A novel dynamic modeling and thermal optimization of magnesium stearate production using sustainable palm stearin: green chemistry approach for saponification in batch reactor.
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| Title: | A novel dynamic modeling and thermal optimization of magnesium stearate production using sustainable palm stearin: green chemistry approach for saponification in batch reactor. |
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| Authors: | Manimaran, Ravinkumar1 (AUTHOR), Mohd Ali, Jarinah1 (AUTHOR) jarinah@ukm.edu.my, Abd Rahman, Norliza1 (AUTHOR), Mohd Said, Mazlina2 (AUTHOR), Hussain, M.A.3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. Jul2026, Vol. 159, p403-415. 13p. |
| Subjects: | Saponification, Batch reactors, Process optimization, Chemical kinetics, Sustainable chemistry, Temperature control, Fat, Chemical products manufacturing |
| Abstract: | A comprehensive mathematical model has been developed to represent the saponification reaction for producing magnesium stearate using palm stearin as a sustainable and green alternative to conventional stearic acid. The model is based on the kinetic and energy models in a batch reactor, focusing on the direct reaction between magnesium hydroxide and sustainable palm stearin instead of conventional stearic acid. Unlike existing saponification studies that focus on the functionality of the final product, this paper predicts reactant and product concentrations, as well as reactor temperature, at various stages and temperatures for process optimization. The results indicated that higher temperatures accelerate the reaction rate but also promote the formation of byproducts, specifically magnesium hydroxystearate (magnesium-based soap). The highest yield of magnesium stearate, 68.2%, was achieved when the reaction temperature was maintained at 180°C. By the end of the third hour, palm stearin, the limiting reactant, was completely converted to product. Validation analysis revealed a modeling error of 1%. The reaction's heat release requires an external heat source, which can be efficiently managed using a jacketed reactor, allowing the temperature to be reached in just 0.4 s. In an upscale system, 10.0064 mg/L of magnesium stearate was produced. The time required to reach the set point temperature is 240 s, significantly longer compared to a small-scale system. This study demonstrates the viability of palm stearin in magnesium stearate production and highlights the critical role of temperature control in optimizing yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 193838385 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Periodical PubTypeId: serialPeriodical PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A novel dynamic modeling and thermal optimization of magnesium stearate production using sustainable palm stearin: green chemistry approach for saponification in batch reactor. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manimaran%2C+Ravinkumar%22">Manimaran, Ravinkumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohd+Ali%2C+Jarinah%22">Mohd Ali, Jarinah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jarinah@ukm.edu.my</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abd+Rahman%2C+Norliza%22">Abd Rahman, Norliza</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mohd+Said%2C+Mazlina%22">Mohd Said, Mazlina</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hussain%2C+M%2EA%2E%22">Hussain, M.A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Industrial+%26+Engineering+Chemistry%22">Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 159, p403-415. 13p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Saponification%22">Saponification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Batch+reactors%22">Batch reactors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Process+optimization%22">Process optimization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+kinetics%22">Chemical kinetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainable+chemistry%22">Sustainable chemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+control%22">Temperature control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fat%22">Fat</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+products+manufacturing%22">Chemical products manufacturing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: A comprehensive mathematical model has been developed to represent the saponification reaction for producing magnesium stearate using palm stearin as a sustainable and green alternative to conventional stearic acid. The model is based on the kinetic and energy models in a batch reactor, focusing on the direct reaction between magnesium hydroxide and sustainable palm stearin instead of conventional stearic acid. Unlike existing saponification studies that focus on the functionality of the final product, this paper predicts reactant and product concentrations, as well as reactor temperature, at various stages and temperatures for process optimization. The results indicated that higher temperatures accelerate the reaction rate but also promote the formation of byproducts, specifically magnesium hydroxystearate (magnesium-based soap). The highest yield of magnesium stearate, 68.2%, was achieved when the reaction temperature was maintained at 180°C. By the end of the third hour, palm stearin, the limiting reactant, was completely converted to product. Validation analysis revealed a modeling error of 1%. The reaction's heat release requires an external heat source, which can be efficiently managed using a jacketed reactor, allowing the temperature to be reached in just 0.4 s. In an upscale system, 10.0064 mg/L of magnesium stearate was produced. The time required to reach the set point temperature is 240 s, significantly longer compared to a small-scale system. This study demonstrates the viability of palm stearin in magnesium stearate production and highlights the critical role of temperature control in optimizing yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1016/j.jiec.2025.12.032 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 13 StartPage: 403 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Saponification Type: general – SubjectFull: Batch reactors Type: general – SubjectFull: Process optimization Type: general – SubjectFull: Chemical kinetics Type: general – SubjectFull: Sustainable chemistry Type: general – SubjectFull: Temperature control Type: general – SubjectFull: Fat Type: general – SubjectFull: Chemical products manufacturing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A novel dynamic modeling and thermal optimization of magnesium stearate production using sustainable palm stearin: green chemistry approach for saponification in batch reactor. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Manimaran, Ravinkumar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mohd Ali, Jarinah – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Abd Rahman, Norliza – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mohd Said, Mazlina – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hussain, M.A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 25 M: 07 Text: Jul2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 1226086X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 159 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Type: main |
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