Review of the Behavior of Geogrid - Reinforced Sand Soil Supported a Shallow Footing under Different Loadings.
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| Title: | Review of the Behavior of Geogrid - Reinforced Sand Soil Supported a Shallow Footing under Different Loadings. |
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| Authors: | Al-Khafaji, Ruqayah1 ruqayahhayder1@gmail.com, Shafiqu, Qassun S. Mohammed1 qassun@yahoo.com |
| Source: | Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences. 2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p1-23. 23p. |
| Subjects: | Shallow foundations, Reinforced soils, Bearing capacity of soils, Soil stabilization, Soil mechanics, Shear strength of soils, Geosynthetics, Dead loads (Mechanics) |
| Abstract (English): | The soil can be subjected to different static loads, i.e., centric, eccentric, and inclined, and dynamic loads, i.e., repeated and seismic. Under such loads, the soil can suffer from deterioration of the soil bearing capacity, extensive deformation, and rotation. Soil reinforcement is a technique that enhances the soil response by acting as a tensile member, thereby increasing soil shear strength and improving soil performance, which in turn prevents foundation failure. Geosynthetic materials are the widely utilized reinforcing elements that include geotextile, geocell, and geogrid. Geogrid is a geosynthetic member consisting of ribs and apertures to allow interlocking with the soil. The present paper overviews the use of geogrid as a reinforcing element in sand soil supporting shallow foundations, particularly under various types of loads, including static, dynamic, and seismic. The research introduces soil-foundation reinforcement, geogrid reinforcement, and the parameters influencing the geogrid reinforcement. It also discusses the mechanism of reinforcement and the failure associated with reinforcing the soil supporting shallow footings. Furthermore, the study examines both static and dynamic loads, encompassing both experimental and numerical research. The expository data analysis is applied in the present study to analyze the available studies. The results showed that geogrid is effective in enhancing the soil performance when subjected to the different static and dynamic loads when installed with the optimum parameters. The parameters that influence the geogrid response are the depth of the first geogrid layer (u/B), the depth, width, and the number of geogrid layers (h/B), (b/B), and N, which are 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.3, 3 to 4, and 3, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Arabic): | تستعرض هذه المقالة سلوك التربة الرملية المدعمة بشبكات الجيوغريد (شبكات جيوتقنية) التي تدعم الأساسات الضحلة تحت تأثير أحمال ثابتة وديناميكية وزلزالية مختلفة. تُعد شبكات الجيوغريد، وهي نوع من التعزيزات الجيوصناعية المصنوعة من أضلاع بوليمرية وفتحات، وسيلة فعالة لتعزيز مقاومة القص للتربة وزيادة قدرتها على التحمل، مع تقليل الهبوط والتشوهات. تشمل المعايير الرئيسية التي تؤثر على فعالية الجيوغريد عمق الطبقة الأولى من الشبكة (نسبة u/B تقريبًا بين 0.2 و0.5)، والمسافة الرأسية بين الطبقات (نسبة h/B تقريبًا بين 0.2 و0.3)، وعرض التعزيز (نسبة b/B تقريبًا بين 3 و4)، وعدد الطبقات (N تقريبًا 3). تُظهر الدراسات التجريبية والعددية، التي تعتمد بشكل رئيسي على طرق العناصر المحدودة، أن تعزيز التربة بشبكات الجيوغريد يحسن بشكل كبير أداء التربة والأساسات تحت الأحمال الثابتة والديناميكية، رغم الحاجة إلى مزيد من الأبحاث لتأكيد فعاليته بشكل كامل تحت الظروف الزلزالية. [Extracted from the article] |
| Copyright of Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Review of the Behavior of Geogrid - Reinforced Sand Soil Supported a Shallow Footing under Different Loadings. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Khafaji%2C+Ruqayah%22">Al-Khafaji, Ruqayah</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> ruqayahhayder1@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shafiqu%2C+Qassun+S%2E+Mohammed%22">Shafiqu, Qassun S. Mohammed</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> qassun@yahoo.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Tikrit+Journal+of+Engineering+Sciences%22">Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p1-23. 23p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shallow+foundations%22">Shallow foundations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reinforced+soils%22">Reinforced soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bearing+capacity+of+soils%22">Bearing capacity of soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+stabilization%22">Soil stabilization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+mechanics%22">Soil mechanics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shear+strength+of+soils%22">Shear strength of soils</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geosynthetics%22">Geosynthetics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dead+loads+%28Mechanics%29%22">Dead loads (Mechanics)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (English) Group: Ab Data: The soil can be subjected to different static loads, i.e., centric, eccentric, and inclined, and dynamic loads, i.e., repeated and seismic. Under such loads, the soil can suffer from deterioration of the soil bearing capacity, extensive deformation, and rotation. Soil reinforcement is a technique that enhances the soil response by acting as a tensile member, thereby increasing soil shear strength and improving soil performance, which in turn prevents foundation failure. Geosynthetic materials are the widely utilized reinforcing elements that include geotextile, geocell, and geogrid. Geogrid is a geosynthetic member consisting of ribs and apertures to allow interlocking with the soil. The present paper overviews the use of geogrid as a reinforcing element in sand soil supporting shallow foundations, particularly under various types of loads, including static, dynamic, and seismic. The research introduces soil-foundation reinforcement, geogrid reinforcement, and the parameters influencing the geogrid reinforcement. It also discusses the mechanism of reinforcement and the failure associated with reinforcing the soil supporting shallow footings. Furthermore, the study examines both static and dynamic loads, encompassing both experimental and numerical research. The expository data analysis is applied in the present study to analyze the available studies. The results showed that geogrid is effective in enhancing the soil performance when subjected to the different static and dynamic loads when installed with the optimum parameters. The parameters that influence the geogrid response are the depth of the first geogrid layer (u/B), the depth, width, and the number of geogrid layers (h/B), (b/B), and N, which are 0.2-0.5, 0.2-0.3, 3 to 4, and 3, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract (Arabic) Group: Ab Data: تستعرض هذه المقالة سلوك التربة الرملية المدعمة بشبكات الجيوغريد (شبكات جيوتقنية) التي تدعم الأساسات الضحلة تحت تأثير أحمال ثابتة وديناميكية وزلزالية مختلفة. تُعد شبكات الجيوغريد، وهي نوع من التعزيزات الجيوصناعية المصنوعة من أضلاع بوليمرية وفتحات، وسيلة فعالة لتعزيز مقاومة القص للتربة وزيادة قدرتها على التحمل، مع تقليل الهبوط والتشوهات. تشمل المعايير الرئيسية التي تؤثر على فعالية الجيوغريد عمق الطبقة الأولى من الشبكة (نسبة u/B تقريبًا بين 0.2 و0.5)، والمسافة الرأسية بين الطبقات (نسبة h/B تقريبًا بين 0.2 و0.3)، وعرض التعزيز (نسبة b/B تقريبًا بين 3 و4)، وعدد الطبقات (N تقريبًا 3). تُظهر الدراسات التجريبية والعددية، التي تعتمد بشكل رئيسي على طرق العناصر المحدودة، أن تعزيز التربة بشبكات الجيوغريد يحسن بشكل كبير أداء التربة والأساسات تحت الأحمال الثابتة والديناميكية، رغم الحاجة إلى مزيد من الأبحاث لتأكيد فعاليته بشكل كامل تحت الظروف الزلزالية. [Extracted from the article] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.25130/tjes.33.1.9 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 23 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Shallow foundations Type: general – SubjectFull: Reinforced soils Type: general – SubjectFull: Bearing capacity of soils Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil stabilization Type: general – SubjectFull: Soil mechanics Type: general – SubjectFull: Shear strength of soils Type: general – SubjectFull: Geosynthetics Type: general – SubjectFull: Dead loads (Mechanics) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Review of the Behavior of Geogrid - Reinforced Sand Soil Supported a Shallow Footing under Different Loadings. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Al-Khafaji, Ruqayah – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Shafiqu, Qassun S. Mohammed IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 01 Text: 2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 1813162X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 33 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
