Structural modal parameter identification based on BeiDou satellite signals and an enhanced stochastic subspace method.

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Title: Structural modal parameter identification based on BeiDou satellite signals and an enhanced stochastic subspace method.
Authors: Li, Hong1 (AUTHOR), Wu, Rui2 (AUTHOR), Zong, Zhouhong1 (AUTHOR) zongzh@seu.edu.cn
Source: Advances in Structural Engineering. Jun2026, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p1643-1667. 25p.
Subjects: Beidou satellite navigation system, Modal analysis, Wavelet transforms, Signal denoising, Displacement (Mechanics), Structural health monitoring, Bridge vibration
Abstract: The BeiDou System Navigation Satellite (BDS) has been extensively applied in navigation and disaster monitoring. BDS is primarily utilized for displacement and deformation monitoring in bridge structures. To further explore the modal feature information of bridge structures embedded in the BeiDou monitoring data, an innovative stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method is proposed to identify the modal parameters using the BDS signals. Firstly, the wavelet transform technique is employed to process the fine frequency bands of BDS signals. Then, the wavelet threshold denoising technique eliminates the noise interference in each frequency band. Secondly, the data-driven SSI-data-driven is employed to identify the structural modal parameters from the processed or purified BDS signals. Subsequently, numerical simulations with noise interference thoroughly verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the results of modal frequency identification based on BDS and acceleration signals are compared and analyzed using Shenzhen North Bridge (CFST arch bridge) as a practical application. The results indicate that the joint application of wavelet transform and threshold denoising technique can effectively remove the noise components in BDS displacement signals. The proposed SSI-data-driven for BDS signals can accurately identify the multi-order modal frequencies and modal shapes of Shenzhen North Bridge. Compared with the SSI-data-driven based on acceleration data, the results show high consistency, with the error controlled within 7%, and the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) value of the modal shapes exceeds 0.65, which shows good consistency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Structural Engineering is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Structural modal parameter identification based on BeiDou satellite signals and an enhanced stochastic subspace method.
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  Label: Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Hong%22">Li, Hong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Rui%22">Wu, Rui</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zong%2C+Zhouhong%22">Zong, Zhouhong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zongzh@seu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Structural+Engineering%22">Advances in Structural Engineering</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p1643-1667. 25p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Beidou+satellite+navigation+system%22">Beidou satellite navigation system</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Modal+analysis%22">Modal analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wavelet+transforms%22">Wavelet transforms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Signal+denoising%22">Signal denoising</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Displacement+%28Mechanics%29%22">Displacement (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+health+monitoring%22">Structural health monitoring</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bridge+vibration%22">Bridge vibration</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The BeiDou System Navigation Satellite (BDS) has been extensively applied in navigation and disaster monitoring. BDS is primarily utilized for displacement and deformation monitoring in bridge structures. To further explore the modal feature information of bridge structures embedded in the BeiDou monitoring data, an innovative stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method is proposed to identify the modal parameters using the BDS signals. Firstly, the wavelet transform technique is employed to process the fine frequency bands of BDS signals. Then, the wavelet threshold denoising technique eliminates the noise interference in each frequency band. Secondly, the data-driven SSI-data-driven is employed to identify the structural modal parameters from the processed or purified BDS signals. Subsequently, numerical simulations with noise interference thoroughly verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the results of modal frequency identification based on BDS and acceleration signals are compared and analyzed using Shenzhen North Bridge (CFST arch bridge) as a practical application. The results indicate that the joint application of wavelet transform and threshold denoising technique can effectively remove the noise components in BDS displacement signals. The proposed SSI-data-driven for BDS signals can accurately identify the multi-order modal frequencies and modal shapes of Shenzhen North Bridge. Compared with the SSI-data-driven based on acceleration data, the results show high consistency, with the error controlled within 7%, and the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) value of the modal shapes exceeds 0.65, which shows good consistency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Structural Engineering is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
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        Value: 10.1177/13694332251385810
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 25
        StartPage: 1643
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Beidou satellite navigation system
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Modal analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wavelet transforms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Signal denoising
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Displacement (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural health monitoring
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bridge vibration
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Structural modal parameter identification based on BeiDou satellite signals and an enhanced stochastic subspace method.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Hong
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            NameFull: Wu, Rui
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            NameFull: Zong, Zhouhong
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: Advances in Structural Engineering
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