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Graphene-Based Single Crystal TiO 2 Composites with Exposed Catalytic Interfaces for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation.

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Title: Graphene-Based Single Crystal TiO 2 Composites with Exposed Catalytic Interfaces for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation.
Authors: He, Yaping1,2,3 (AUTHOR) hejin04c@126.com, Sun, Zihui1,2 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Changhu1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Song, Limei1,3 (AUTHOR), Han, Quan1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p1963. 18p.
Subjects: Titanium dioxide, Photodegradation, Nanostructured materials, Catalytic domains, Photocatalysis, Composite materials, Graphene, Hydrothermal synthesis
Abstract: Three types of graphene–single crystal titanium dioxide composite (GR–TiO2SCs) were prepared using the hydrothermal method, employing TiF4 and graphite as raw materials with hydrofluoric acid serving as the morphology-directing agent. The phase composition and morphological features of the resultant composites were systematically characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These complementary characterization results clearly demonstrate that graphene and TiO2 single crystals have been successfully hybridized to form a well-defined heterostructure, rather than a simple physical mixture. Photocatalytic performances were evaluated by monitoring the photodegradation behaviors of methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange solutions under simulated light irradiation, with real-time concentration variations recorded by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The composite sample in which TiO2SCs were in situ grown and uniformly anchored onto graphene oxide substrates effectively suppressed the self-stacking and agglomeration of individual crystallites, thus delivering the best photocatalytic response. Increased exposure of the active catalytic interfaces of TiO2SCs was found to play a key role in elevating the overall photocatalytic activity. The hierarchical assembly protocol developed in this work provides a feasible pathway for the rational design of functional composites with controllable microstructures and tailored properties, which can be further extended to the development of advanced sensing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Graphene-Based Single Crystal TiO 2 Composites with Exposed Catalytic Interfaces for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22He%2C+Yaping%22">He, Yaping</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> hejin04c@126.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Zihui%22">Sun, Zihui</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Changhu%22">Zhang, Changhu</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Song%2C+Limei%22">Song, Limei</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Han%2C+Quan%22">Han, Quan</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p1963. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Titanium+dioxide%22">Titanium dioxide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photodegradation%22">Photodegradation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanostructured+materials%22">Nanostructured materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalytic+domains%22">Catalytic domains</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photocatalysis%22">Photocatalysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+materials%22">Composite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphene%22">Graphene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrothermal+synthesis%22">Hydrothermal synthesis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Three types of graphene–single crystal titanium dioxide composite (GR–TiO2SCs) were prepared using the hydrothermal method, employing TiF4 and graphite as raw materials with hydrofluoric acid serving as the morphology-directing agent. The phase composition and morphological features of the resultant composites were systematically characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. These complementary characterization results clearly demonstrate that graphene and TiO2 single crystals have been successfully hybridized to form a well-defined heterostructure, rather than a simple physical mixture. Photocatalytic performances were evaluated by monitoring the photodegradation behaviors of methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange solutions under simulated light irradiation, with real-time concentration variations recorded by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The composite sample in which TiO2SCs were in situ grown and uniformly anchored onto graphene oxide substrates effectively suppressed the self-stacking and agglomeration of individual crystallites, thus delivering the best photocatalytic response. Increased exposure of the active catalytic interfaces of TiO2SCs was found to play a key role in elevating the overall photocatalytic activity. The hierarchical assembly protocol developed in this work provides a feasible pathway for the rational design of functional composites with controllable microstructures and tailored properties, which can be further extended to the development of advanced sensing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19101963
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 18
        StartPage: 1963
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      – SubjectFull: Titanium dioxide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photodegradation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanostructured materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalytic domains
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Photocatalysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Composite materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Graphene
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrothermal synthesis
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Graphene-Based Single Crystal TiO 2 Composites with Exposed Catalytic Interfaces for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation.
        Type: main
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          Name:
            NameFull: He, Yaping
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            NameFull: Sun, Zihui
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            NameFull: Zhang, Changhu
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            NameFull: Song, Limei
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            NameFull: Han, Quan
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 10
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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