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Research on Tin Bath Bottom Bricks for Float Glass Furnaces.

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Title: Research on Tin Bath Bottom Bricks for Float Glass Furnaces.
Authors: Guo, Kuiqing1 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Benjun1,2 (AUTHOR) chbj666@csu.edu.cn, Xu, Weibin1,3 (AUTHOR), Liang, Xiaocheng1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Zou, Liming1,2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Wencheng1,3 (AUTHOR), Liu, Guoqi2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p1989. 15p.
Subjects: Refractory materials, Glass furnaces, Mechanical behavior of materials, Heat resistant materials, Kirkendall effect, Thermal shock
Abstract: The bottom brick is a critical component of float glass furnace tin baths, serving under harsh conditions including high temperature, tin penetration, hydrogen diffusion and alkali attack. Traditional flint clay-based bottom bricks suffer from high porosity and insufficient service performance. In this study, a high-performance low-cement castable was developed by introducing mullite aggregates to partially replace flint clay. The effects of mullite particle size and addition content on sintering behavior, mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, refractoriness under load and hydrogen diffusion were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that, compared with the existing tin bath bottom bricks applied in float glass furnaces, the introduction of 18 wt% mullite with a particle size of 5–3 mm can significantly increase the bulk density, reduce the apparent porosity, enhance the mechanical strength at both room temperature and high temperature, and achieve a higher refractoriness under load and lower hydrogen diffusion capacity. Accordingly, a novel tin bath bottom brick with excellent comprehensive properties for float glass furnaces was successfully developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194116825
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Research on Tin Bath Bottom Bricks for Float Glass Furnaces.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Kuiqing%22">Guo, Kuiqing</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Benjun%22">Cheng, Benjun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> chbj666@csu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xu%2C+Weibin%22">Xu, Weibin</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liang%2C+Xiaocheng%22">Liang, Xiaocheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zou%2C+Liming%22">Zou, Liming</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Wencheng%22">Wang, Wencheng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Guoqi%22">Liu, Guoqi</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 10, p1989. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Refractory+materials%22">Refractory materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glass+furnaces%22">Glass furnaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+resistant+materials%22">Heat resistant materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Kirkendall+effect%22">Kirkendall effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+shock%22">Thermal shock</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The bottom brick is a critical component of float glass furnace tin baths, serving under harsh conditions including high temperature, tin penetration, hydrogen diffusion and alkali attack. Traditional flint clay-based bottom bricks suffer from high porosity and insufficient service performance. In this study, a high-performance low-cement castable was developed by introducing mullite aggregates to partially replace flint clay. The effects of mullite particle size and addition content on sintering behavior, mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, refractoriness under load and hydrogen diffusion were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that, compared with the existing tin bath bottom bricks applied in float glass furnaces, the introduction of 18 wt% mullite with a particle size of 5–3 mm can significantly increase the bulk density, reduce the apparent porosity, enhance the mechanical strength at both room temperature and high temperature, and achieve a higher refractoriness under load and lower hydrogen diffusion capacity. Accordingly, a novel tin bath bottom brick with excellent comprehensive properties for float glass furnaces was successfully developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.3390/ma19101989
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 1989
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Refractory materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glass furnaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat resistant materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Kirkendall effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal shock
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Research on Tin Bath Bottom Bricks for Float Glass Furnaces.
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          Name:
            NameFull: Guo, Kuiqing
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          Name:
            NameFull: Cheng, Benjun
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            NameFull: Xu, Weibin
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            NameFull: Liang, Xiaocheng
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            NameFull: Zou, Liming
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            NameFull: Wang, Wencheng
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            NameFull: Liu, Guoqi
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            – D: 15
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 19
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              Value: 10
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            – TitleFull: Materials (1996-1944)
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