Selective Production of Diesel-Range Hydrocarbons from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene Waste Using Modified Natural Zeolites: Interplay of Acidity, Temperature, and Reaction Parameters.
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| Title: | Selective Production of Diesel-Range Hydrocarbons from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene Waste Using Modified Natural Zeolites: Interplay of Acidity, Temperature, and Reaction Parameters. |
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| Authors: | Hernández-Fernández, Joaquín1,2 (AUTHOR) jhernandezf@unicartagena.edu.co, González-Cuello, Rafael2,3 (AUTHOR), Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Polymers (20734360). May2026, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p1147. 23p. |
| Subjects: | Polypropylene, Zeolites, Pyrolysis, Plastic scrap, Acid catalysts, Liquid hydrocarbons, Temperature effect |
| Abstract: | In the context of this study, it is investigated whether catalytic pyrolysis of post-consumer polypropylene might prove an interesting route to the generation of liquid hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste. The optimum product selectivity can be achieved using the appropriate catalyst. To address this problem, we tested three altered natural zeolites as follows: H-ZN, AT-ZN, and AA-ZN, according to a factorial design which accounts for temperature (400–500 °C), heating rate (10–20 °C per minute), and catalyst loading (5–10 percent by weight). Initially, we verified by thermogravimetric and micro-Raman analyses the thermal behavior of the catalytic systems and the consistency of the polypropylene feedstock. This work confirms that the catalyst assists in initiating the chain-scission process, as changes to the zeolites are responsible for the breakdown of polypropylene at a lower temperature. H-ZN showed high liquid recovery (75.4 wt%), particularly under moderate conditions, as confirmed by product-yield analysis. On the other hand, AT-ZN was more conducive to gas formation and light-fraction production at higher temperatures. H-ZN kept the diesel-range fraction (C12–C20) stable nearly to 51%, according to GC–MS; AT-ZN shifted selectivity to gasoline-range hydrocarbons (C6–C11), up to 57% under severe conditions. AA-ZN showed intermediate behavior. The overall conversion and molecular profile of the liquid products were influenced not only by catalyst acidity, temperature, and their interactions but also by Pearson correlation and ANOVA. The results described above indicate that H-ZN is the most promising catalyst for selective polypropylene-to-diesel conversion and prove that modified natural zeolites are an inexpensive and scalable method for valorizing plastic waste in a circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194117748 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Selective Production of Diesel-Range Hydrocarbons from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene Waste Using Modified Natural Zeolites: Interplay of Acidity, Temperature, and Reaction Parameters. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hernández-Fernández%2C+Joaquín%22">Hernández-Fernández, Joaquín</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jhernandezf@unicartagena.edu.co</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22González-Cuello%2C+Rafael%22">González-Cuello, Rafael</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ortega-Toro%2C+Rodrigo%22">Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 18 Issue 10, p1147. 23p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polypropylene%22">Polypropylene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Zeolites%22">Zeolites</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyrolysis%22">Pyrolysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plastic+scrap%22">Plastic scrap</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Acid+catalysts%22">Acid catalysts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Liquid+hydrocarbons%22">Liquid hydrocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature+effect%22">Temperature effect</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: In the context of this study, it is investigated whether catalytic pyrolysis of post-consumer polypropylene might prove an interesting route to the generation of liquid hydrocarbon materials from plastic waste. The optimum product selectivity can be achieved using the appropriate catalyst. To address this problem, we tested three altered natural zeolites as follows: H-ZN, AT-ZN, and AA-ZN, according to a factorial design which accounts for temperature (400–500 °C), heating rate (10–20 °C per minute), and catalyst loading (5–10 percent by weight). Initially, we verified by thermogravimetric and micro-Raman analyses the thermal behavior of the catalytic systems and the consistency of the polypropylene feedstock. This work confirms that the catalyst assists in initiating the chain-scission process, as changes to the zeolites are responsible for the breakdown of polypropylene at a lower temperature. H-ZN showed high liquid recovery (75.4 wt%), particularly under moderate conditions, as confirmed by product-yield analysis. On the other hand, AT-ZN was more conducive to gas formation and light-fraction production at higher temperatures. H-ZN kept the diesel-range fraction (C12–C20) stable nearly to 51%, according to GC–MS; AT-ZN shifted selectivity to gasoline-range hydrocarbons (C6–C11), up to 57% under severe conditions. AA-ZN showed intermediate behavior. The overall conversion and molecular profile of the liquid products were influenced not only by catalyst acidity, temperature, and their interactions but also by Pearson correlation and ANOVA. The results described above indicate that H-ZN is the most promising catalyst for selective polypropylene-to-diesel conversion and prove that modified natural zeolites are an inexpensive and scalable method for valorizing plastic waste in a circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/polym18101147 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 23 StartPage: 1147 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Polypropylene Type: general – SubjectFull: Zeolites Type: general – SubjectFull: Pyrolysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Plastic scrap Type: general – SubjectFull: Acid catalysts Type: general – SubjectFull: Liquid hydrocarbons Type: general – SubjectFull: Temperature effect Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Selective Production of Diesel-Range Hydrocarbons from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polypropylene Waste Using Modified Natural Zeolites: Interplay of Acidity, Temperature, and Reaction Parameters. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hernández-Fernández, Joaquín – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: González-Cuello, Rafael – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ortega-Toro, Rodrigo IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20734360 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 18 – Type: issue Value: 10 Titles: – TitleFull: Polymers (20734360) Type: main |
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