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Just noticeable difference thresholds of asynchrony and non-isochrony in a Multi-Instrumental groove-based context.

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Title: Just noticeable difference thresholds of asynchrony and non-isochrony in a Multi-Instrumental groove-based context.
Authors: Câmara, Guilherme Schmidt1,2 (AUTHOR) g.s.camara@imv.uio.no, Spiech, Connor3 (AUTHOR), Solli, Sandra1,4 (AUTHOR), Bang, Birger1,4 (AUTHOR), Rogulina, Olga1,4 (AUTHOR), Laeng, Bruno1,4 (AUTHOR), Danielsen, Anne1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. May2026, Vol. 159 Issue 5, p4668-4688. 21p.
Subjects: Threshold (Perception), Pupillometry, Tempo (Music theory), Music education, Musical performance, Rhythm
Abstract: Musicians convey timing "feels" in groove-based performance by manipulating onset asynchrony between instruments and the durational ratio of metrical subdivisions (non-isochrony, or "swing"). The present study tested whether listeners perceive such fine-grained timing deviations by measuring the just-noticeable difference (JND) thresholds of asynchrony and swing in a naturalistic funk pattern featuring Guitar, Bass, and Drums (Kick, Snare, Hi-hat). Sixty-four participants (32 musicians, 32 non-musicians) completed a 1IFC staircase task with uniform onset displacements (asynchrony: ±1–100 ms; swing: +1–71.5 ms). Pupillary responses, an index of attentional allocation and sensory conflict, were recorded throughout. Results show that: (1) JND thresholds of asynchrony and swing are higher in realistic, multi-instrumental groove-based contexts than in previously reported non-/quasi-musical contexts; (2) instrument type strongly modulates sensitivity with percussive instruments yielding the lowest thresholds and stringed instruments the highest; (3) listeners exhibit a bias whereby late displacements require larger magnitudes for detection, suggesting asymmetric temporal prediction in auditory timing; (4) musical training enhances sensitivity globally but especially benefits the perception of less salient instruments; and (5) pupil responses track the absolute magnitude of microrhythmic expression related to swing as well as asynchrony, providing a physiological index of salience scaling with microrhythmic displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Just noticeable difference thresholds of asynchrony and non-isochrony in a Multi-Instrumental groove-based context.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+the+Acoustical+Society+of+America%22">Journal of the Acoustical Society of America</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 159 Issue 5, p4668-4688. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Threshold+%28Perception%29%22">Threshold (Perception)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pupillometry%22">Pupillometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tempo+%28Music+theory%29%22">Tempo (Music theory)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Music+education%22">Music education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Musical+performance%22">Musical performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rhythm%22">Rhythm</searchLink>
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  Data: Musicians convey timing "feels" in groove-based performance by manipulating onset asynchrony between instruments and the durational ratio of metrical subdivisions (non-isochrony, or "swing"). The present study tested whether listeners perceive such fine-grained timing deviations by measuring the just-noticeable difference (JND) thresholds of asynchrony and swing in a naturalistic funk pattern featuring Guitar, Bass, and Drums (Kick, Snare, Hi-hat). Sixty-four participants (32 musicians, 32 non-musicians) completed a 1IFC staircase task with uniform onset displacements (asynchrony: ±1–100 ms; swing: +1–71.5 ms). Pupillary responses, an index of attentional allocation and sensory conflict, were recorded throughout. Results show that: (1) JND thresholds of asynchrony and swing are higher in realistic, multi-instrumental groove-based contexts than in previously reported non-/quasi-musical contexts; (2) instrument type strongly modulates sensitivity with percussive instruments yielding the lowest thresholds and stringed instruments the highest; (3) listeners exhibit a bias whereby late displacements require larger magnitudes for detection, suggesting asymmetric temporal prediction in auditory timing; (4) musical training enhances sensitivity globally but especially benefits the perception of less salient instruments; and (5) pupil responses track the absolute magnitude of microrhythmic expression related to swing as well as asynchrony, providing a physiological index of salience scaling with microrhythmic displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of the Acoustical Society of America is the property of American Institute of Physics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pupillometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tempo (Music theory)
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      – SubjectFull: Rhythm
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      – TitleFull: Just noticeable difference thresholds of asynchrony and non-isochrony in a Multi-Instrumental groove-based context.
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              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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