Brain mutated into "brian": a cross-platform analysis of a common typographical error in neuroscience publications.
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| Title: | Brain mutated into "brian": a cross-platform analysis of a common typographical error in neuroscience publications. |
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| Authors: | Yeung, Andy Wai Kan1 (AUTHOR) ndyeung@hku.hk |
| Source: | Scientometrics. May2026, Vol. 131 Issue 5, p3515-3524. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Spelling errors, Metadata, Bibliometrics, Editorial policies, Scientific communication, Neurosciences, Electronic publishing |
| Abstract: | Typographical errors in scientific literature can compromise discoverability, distort bibliometric analyses, and undermine the integrity of scholarly communication. This study investigates the prevalence and consistency of a specific typographical error, "brian" in place of "brain," across neuroscience and neuroimaging publications indexed in Web of Science and Scopus. A total of 96 articles and reviews published between 1971 and 2025 with this error were identified through targeted database queries and screened for the occurrence of this error in titles, abstracts, keywords, and full texts. Manual coding was performed across four sources: Web of Science, Scopus, publisher websites, and publisher PDFs. The abstract field exhibited the highest error prevalence, with 54.2% of papers affected in Web of Science and 40.6% in Scopus. Cohen's Kappa analysis revealed variable inter-platform agreement, with perfect agreement in the keywords field between Web of Science and publisher PDFs (κ = 1.0), but poor agreement in abstracts (κ = 0.318). Scopus had better agreement than Web of Science for the title and abstract fields. Temporal analysis showed that publications from 1993 onward were significantly more likely to exhibit consistent errors across platforms (χ2 = 29.1, p < 0.001). These findings suggest improvements in digital publishing workflows over time, but also highlight persistent vulnerabilities in metadata curation. The study underscores the need for enhanced editorial oversight and cross-platform validation to ensure the accuracy of scientific records. While focused on a single error, the methodology offers a framework for broader investigations into typographical integrity in academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Scientometrics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194200839 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Brain mutated into "brian": a cross-platform analysis of a common typographical error in neuroscience publications. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yeung%2C+Andy+Wai+Kan%22">Yeung, Andy Wai Kan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ndyeung@hku.hk</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Scientometrics%22">Scientometrics</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 131 Issue 5, p3515-3524. 10p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spelling+errors%22">Spelling errors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metadata%22">Metadata</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bibliometrics%22">Bibliometrics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Editorial+policies%22">Editorial policies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scientific+communication%22">Scientific communication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurosciences%22">Neurosciences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+publishing%22">Electronic publishing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Typographical errors in scientific literature can compromise discoverability, distort bibliometric analyses, and undermine the integrity of scholarly communication. This study investigates the prevalence and consistency of a specific typographical error, "brian" in place of "brain," across neuroscience and neuroimaging publications indexed in Web of Science and Scopus. A total of 96 articles and reviews published between 1971 and 2025 with this error were identified through targeted database queries and screened for the occurrence of this error in titles, abstracts, keywords, and full texts. Manual coding was performed across four sources: Web of Science, Scopus, publisher websites, and publisher PDFs. The abstract field exhibited the highest error prevalence, with 54.2% of papers affected in Web of Science and 40.6% in Scopus. Cohen's Kappa analysis revealed variable inter-platform agreement, with perfect agreement in the keywords field between Web of Science and publisher PDFs (κ = 1.0), but poor agreement in abstracts (κ = 0.318). Scopus had better agreement than Web of Science for the title and abstract fields. Temporal analysis showed that publications from 1993 onward were significantly more likely to exhibit consistent errors across platforms (χ2 = 29.1, p < 0.001). These findings suggest improvements in digital publishing workflows over time, but also highlight persistent vulnerabilities in metadata curation. The study underscores the need for enhanced editorial oversight and cross-platform validation to ensure the accuracy of scientific records. While focused on a single error, the methodology offers a framework for broader investigations into typographical integrity in academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Scientometrics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=194200839 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s11192-026-05642-w Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 10 StartPage: 3515 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Spelling errors Type: general – SubjectFull: Metadata Type: general – SubjectFull: Bibliometrics Type: general – SubjectFull: Editorial policies Type: general – SubjectFull: Scientific communication Type: general – SubjectFull: Neurosciences Type: general – SubjectFull: Electronic publishing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Brain mutated into "brian": a cross-platform analysis of a common typographical error in neuroscience publications. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yeung, Andy Wai Kan IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 01389130 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 131 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Scientometrics Type: main |
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