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Analytical Comparison of Geometric and Harmonic Mean Forms of Solid/Liquid Interfacial Tension Expressions.

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Title: Analytical Comparison of Geometric and Harmonic Mean Forms of Solid/Liquid Interfacial Tension Expressions.
Authors: Kusano, Yukihiro1 (AUTHOR) ykus001@kaiyodai.ac.jp, Kusano, Reinosuke2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Colloid Journal. Jun2026, Vol. 88 Issue 3, p450-464. 15p.
Subjects: Interfacial tension, Solid-liquid interfaces, Contact angle, Surface tension, Dispersion (Chemistry), Polarity (Chemistry)
Abstract: The surface tension of a liquid or solid is often expressed by two components, namely dispersion and polar components. The geometric mean form is generally used to formulate interfacial tension of two dissimilar materials. However, there have been claims that the harmonic mean form is more accurate than the geometric mean form. In the present work, theoretical backgrounds of the geometric and harmonic forms are briefly reviewed, and differences between these forms are analytically compared. When solid surface tension is calculated using known liquid surface tension and measured contact angles, the values obtained by the harmonic mean form tend to be larger than those of the geometric form. The arguments to support the harmonic mean form are questionable, but it does not mean that the geometric mean form is more useful. Furthermore, it is noted that the choice of the database of given surface tension values affects the result when the geometric and harmonic forms are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Colloid Journal is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194225377
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  Data: Analytical Comparison of Geometric and Harmonic Mean Forms of Solid/Liquid Interfacial Tension Expressions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kusano%2C+Yukihiro%22">Kusano, Yukihiro</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ykus001@kaiyodai.ac.jp</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kusano%2C+Reinosuke%22">Kusano, Reinosuke</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Colloid+Journal%22">Colloid Journal</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 88 Issue 3, p450-464. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interfacial+tension%22">Interfacial tension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solid-liquid+interfaces%22">Solid-liquid interfaces</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Contact+angle%22">Contact angle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+tension%22">Surface tension</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dispersion+%28Chemistry%29%22">Dispersion (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polarity+%28Chemistry%29%22">Polarity (Chemistry)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The surface tension of a liquid or solid is often expressed by two components, namely dispersion and polar components. The geometric mean form is generally used to formulate interfacial tension of two dissimilar materials. However, there have been claims that the harmonic mean form is more accurate than the geometric mean form. In the present work, theoretical backgrounds of the geometric and harmonic forms are briefly reviewed, and differences between these forms are analytically compared. When solid surface tension is calculated using known liquid surface tension and measured contact angles, the values obtained by the harmonic mean form tend to be larger than those of the geometric form. The arguments to support the harmonic mean form are questionable, but it does not mean that the geometric mean form is more useful. Furthermore, it is noted that the choice of the database of given surface tension values affects the result when the geometric and harmonic forms are compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Colloid Journal is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1134/S1061933X25601751
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 15
        StartPage: 450
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Interfacial tension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Solid-liquid interfaces
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Contact angle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surface tension
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Dispersion (Chemistry)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polarity (Chemistry)
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Analytical Comparison of Geometric and Harmonic Mean Forms of Solid/Liquid Interfacial Tension Expressions.
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            NameFull: Kusano, Yukihiro
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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