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Pickering surface functionalization of 3D printed silicone.

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Title: Pickering surface functionalization of 3D printed silicone.
Authors: Oh, Ryun1 (AUTHOR), Sim, Da Hye1,2 (AUTHOR), Sung, Uihyeon1 (AUTHOR), Park, Hangyeol1 (AUTHOR), Youn, Byungwook3,4 (AUTHOR), Lee, Doojin3,4 (AUTHOR), Kim, Jooyoun5 (AUTHOR), Park, Jung Tae1,6 (AUTHOR) jtpark25@yonsei.ac.kr, Roh, Sangchul1 (AUTHOR) scroh@chonnam.ac.kr
Source: Chemical Engineering Journal. Jul2026, Vol. 540, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Silicones, Pickering emulsions, Three-dimensional printing, Soft robotics, Electrode reactions, Surface preparation, Yield stress
Abstract: 3D printing of soft materials has revolutionized the fabrication of geometrically complex structures for applications in soft actuators, microfluidics, and biomedical devices. While most studies have focused on functionalizing soft materials by tailoring their bulk properties, the integration of surface functionalization remains largely underexplored. In this study, we present a robust method for surface functionalization of monolithic silicone structures via interfacial Pickering-type stabilization at yield-stress interfaces. A 3D-printable silicone ink, formulated to exhibit yield stress through the addition of a rheology modifier (fumed silica), is shaped into filament geometries using underwater direct ink writing. Subsequent deposition of aqueous particle suspensions onto the 3D-printed filaments, followed by thermal curing, results in silicone surfaces with robust particle attachment. A complementary, simplified energy analysis indicates that Pickering stabilization drives particle engulfment, wherein the particles locally deform the yield-stress silicone surface to reduce the interfacial energy between silicone and water. This surface functionalization approach is compatible with a wide range of functional particles, including microporous particles (ZIF-8), conductive particles (graphite), layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (MoS 2), and inorganic oxides (TiO 2). Moreover, the method enables mask-free, regiospecific functionalization of 3D-printed structures, providing a general strategy for designing self-regulating soft catalytic reactors, programmable bubble-induced soft actuators, and energy-harvesting materials through geometry-specific functionalization. [Display omitted] • We provide a method for robust functionalization of 3D Printed silicone with particles. • We elucidate the mechanism by which the particles are engulfed onto a yield stress interface of silicone. • The Pickering functionalization approach is applicable to a range of functional particles, including graphite, MoS 2 , TiO 2 and ZIF-8. • Regiospecific functionalization is achieved on monolithic silicone architecture. • The Pickering stabilization approach enables the fabrication of 3D silicone substrate for electrochemical reactions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194226484
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Pickering surface functionalization of 3D printed silicone.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oh%2C+Ryun%22">Oh, Ryun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sim%2C+Da+Hye%22">Sim, Da Hye</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sung%2C+Uihyeon%22">Sung, Uihyeon</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Park%2C+Hangyeol%22">Park, Hangyeol</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Youn%2C+Byungwook%22">Youn, Byungwook</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lee%2C+Doojin%22">Lee, Doojin</searchLink><relatesTo>3,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Jooyoun%22">Kim, Jooyoun</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Park%2C+Jung+Tae%22">Park, Jung Tae</searchLink><relatesTo>1,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jtpark25@yonsei.ac.kr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Roh%2C+Sangchul%22">Roh, Sangchul</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> scroh@chonnam.ac.kr</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Chemical+Engineering+Journal%22">Chemical Engineering Journal</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 540, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Silicones%22">Silicones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pickering+emulsions%22">Pickering emulsions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soft+robotics%22">Soft robotics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrode+reactions%22">Electrode reactions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+preparation%22">Surface preparation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Yield+stress%22">Yield stress</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: 3D printing of soft materials has revolutionized the fabrication of geometrically complex structures for applications in soft actuators, microfluidics, and biomedical devices. While most studies have focused on functionalizing soft materials by tailoring their bulk properties, the integration of surface functionalization remains largely underexplored. In this study, we present a robust method for surface functionalization of monolithic silicone structures via interfacial Pickering-type stabilization at yield-stress interfaces. A 3D-printable silicone ink, formulated to exhibit yield stress through the addition of a rheology modifier (fumed silica), is shaped into filament geometries using underwater direct ink writing. Subsequent deposition of aqueous particle suspensions onto the 3D-printed filaments, followed by thermal curing, results in silicone surfaces with robust particle attachment. A complementary, simplified energy analysis indicates that Pickering stabilization drives particle engulfment, wherein the particles locally deform the yield-stress silicone surface to reduce the interfacial energy between silicone and water. This surface functionalization approach is compatible with a wide range of functional particles, including microporous particles (ZIF-8), conductive particles (graphite), layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (MoS 2), and inorganic oxides (TiO 2). Moreover, the method enables mask-free, regiospecific functionalization of 3D-printed structures, providing a general strategy for designing self-regulating soft catalytic reactors, programmable bubble-induced soft actuators, and energy-harvesting materials through geometry-specific functionalization. [Display omitted] • We provide a method for robust functionalization of 3D Printed silicone with particles. • We elucidate the mechanism by which the particles are engulfed onto a yield stress interface of silicone. • The Pickering functionalization approach is applicable to a range of functional particles, including graphite, MoS 2 , TiO 2 and ZIF-8. • Regiospecific functionalization is achieved on monolithic silicone architecture. • The Pickering stabilization approach enables the fabrication of 3D silicone substrate for electrochemical reactions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Chemical Engineering Journal is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.cej.2026.177448
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Silicones
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pickering emulsions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soft robotics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Electrode reactions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Surface preparation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Yield stress
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Pickering surface functionalization of 3D printed silicone.
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            NameFull: Oh, Ryun
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            NameFull: Sim, Da Hye
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            NameFull: Park, Hangyeol
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            NameFull: Youn, Byungwook
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            NameFull: Kim, Jooyoun
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            – D: 15
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 540
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            – TitleFull: Chemical Engineering Journal
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