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Antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes: From coordination and speciation to antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and antileishmanial applications.

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Title: Antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes: From coordination and speciation to antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, and antileishmanial applications.
Authors: Verma, Deepika1 (AUTHOR), Singh, Poonam C.2 (AUTHOR), Mir, Snober S.3 (AUTHOR), Prakash, Om1 (AUTHOR) prakash_om@lkouniv.ac.in
Source: Inorganica Chimica Acta. Oct2026, Vol. 601, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Antimony compounds, Dithiocarbamates, Antioxidants, Coordinate covalent bond, Antineoplastic agents, Anti-infective agents, Leishmaniasis, Oxidation-reduction reaction
Abstract: Antimony dithiocarbamate (Sb-DTC) complexes form a distinctive class of sulfur-rich metallodrugs. Their biological behavior is governed by coordination geometry, solution speciation, and redox reactivity. The stereochemically active lone pair on Sb(III) induces hemidirected coordination and anisobidentate S,S-chelation. These features control stability and target engagement in biological media. This review provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis, coordination chemistry, spectroscopic signatures, and bioactivity of Sb(III)–DTC complexes. Structural features are critically correlated with enzyme-associated bioactivity, with particular emphasis on thioredoxin reductase and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and DNA interactions. These mechanisms collectively underpin the reported anticancer, antimicrobial, and antileishmanial activities of Sb(III)–DTC systems. By integrating crystallographic, spectroscopic, computational, and biological evidence, this review establishes key structure–mechanism relationships. On this basis, practical design principles for the development of Sb(III)–DTC based metallodrugs are proposed. Synthesis of mono and binuclear antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes linking coordination chemistry to antimicrobial, antileishmanial, antioxidant, and anticancer applications. [Display omitted] • Antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes show broad antimicrobial, anticancer effects. • Stereochemistry, steric factor and ligand design control binding and geometry. • Solution speciation in physiological media governs exposure and potency. • Mechanisms implicate thioredoxin reductase, lipoxygenase, DNA, mitochondria. • Computational and in vivo benchmarks prioritize stable, selective leads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Antimony dithiocarbamate (Sb-DTC) complexes form a distinctive class of sulfur-rich metallodrugs. Their biological behavior is governed by coordination geometry, solution speciation, and redox reactivity. The stereochemically active lone pair on Sb(III) induces hemidirected coordination and anisobidentate S,S-chelation. These features control stability and target engagement in biological media. This review provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis, coordination chemistry, spectroscopic signatures, and bioactivity of Sb(III)–DTC complexes. Structural features are critically correlated with enzyme-associated bioactivity, with particular emphasis on thioredoxin reductase and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction, redox imbalance, and DNA interactions. These mechanisms collectively underpin the reported anticancer, antimicrobial, and antileishmanial activities of Sb(III)–DTC systems. By integrating crystallographic, spectroscopic, computational, and biological evidence, this review establishes key structure–mechanism relationships. On this basis, practical design principles for the development of Sb(III)–DTC based metallodrugs are proposed. Synthesis of mono and binuclear antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes linking coordination chemistry to antimicrobial, antileishmanial, antioxidant, and anticancer applications. [Display omitted] • Antimony–dithiocarbamate complexes show broad antimicrobial, anticancer effects. • Stereochemistry, steric factor and ligand design control binding and geometry. • Solution speciation in physiological media governs exposure and potency. • Mechanisms implicate thioredoxin reductase, lipoxygenase, DNA, mitochondria. • Computational and in vivo benchmarks prioritize stable, selective leads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00201693
DOI:10.1016/j.ica.2026.123277