FREE-RIDING BEHAVIOR: INVESTMENT AND COOPERATION STRATEGIES FOR PLATFORM SUPPLY CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERING NETWORK EXTERNALITY.

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Title: FREE-RIDING BEHAVIOR: INVESTMENT AND COOPERATION STRATEGIES FOR PLATFORM SUPPLY CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERING NETWORK EXTERNALITY.
Authors: Gui, Yunmiao1, Gao, Xinyu1, Dong, Feng1 dongfeng@mail.ahpu.edu.cn
Source: International Journal of Industrial Engineering. 2026, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p508-529. 22p.
Subjects: Free-rider problem, Network effect, Supply chains, Cooperation, Investment policy, Economic competition, Blockchains, Game theory
Abstract: This paper investigates investment and cooperation strategies concerning blockchain technology within a platform supply chain comprising two suppliers under network externality. We develop a game-theoretic model of a platform supply chain that includes two directly competing suppliers and a platform. The study concludes that when only one supplier adopts blockchain technology, that is a scenario of partial cooperation, the other supplier may engage in free-riding by increasing its product price. The extent of this free-riding depends on the intensity of product competition, consumer trust in blockchain technology, and the strength of network externality. In the case of tripartite cooperation, where both suppliers adopt the technology, they may engage in bidirectional free-riding, which enhances their respective pricing power and profits. These findings suggest that the platform supply chain managers can leverage suppliers' free-riding behavior to refine their blockchain investment and cooperation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Industrial Engineering is the property of International Journal of Industrial Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: FREE-RIDING BEHAVIOR: INVESTMENT AND COOPERATION STRATEGIES FOR PLATFORM SUPPLY CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERING NETWORK EXTERNALITY.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gui%2C+Yunmiao%22">Gui, Yunmiao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Xinyu%22">Gao, Xinyu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dong%2C+Feng%22">Dong, Feng</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> dongfeng@mail.ahpu.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Industrial+Engineering%22">International Journal of Industrial Engineering</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p508-529. 22p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Free-rider+problem%22">Free-rider problem</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Network+effect%22">Network effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Supply+chains%22">Supply chains</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cooperation%22">Cooperation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Investment+policy%22">Investment policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Economic+competition%22">Economic competition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blockchains%22">Blockchains</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Game+theory%22">Game theory</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: This paper investigates investment and cooperation strategies concerning blockchain technology within a platform supply chain comprising two suppliers under network externality. We develop a game-theoretic model of a platform supply chain that includes two directly competing suppliers and a platform. The study concludes that when only one supplier adopts blockchain technology, that is a scenario of partial cooperation, the other supplier may engage in free-riding by increasing its product price. The extent of this free-riding depends on the intensity of product competition, consumer trust in blockchain technology, and the strength of network externality. In the case of tripartite cooperation, where both suppliers adopt the technology, they may engage in bidirectional free-riding, which enhances their respective pricing power and profits. These findings suggest that the platform supply chain managers can leverage suppliers' free-riding behavior to refine their blockchain investment and cooperation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Industrial Engineering is the property of International Journal of Industrial Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.23055/ijietap.2026.33.3.11103
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
        StartPage: 508
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Free-rider problem
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Network effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Supply chains
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cooperation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Investment policy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Economic competition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blockchains
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Game theory
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: FREE-RIDING BEHAVIOR: INVESTMENT AND COOPERATION STRATEGIES FOR PLATFORM SUPPLY CHAIN BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERING NETWORK EXTERNALITY.
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            NameFull: Gui, Yunmiao
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            NameFull: Gao, Xinyu
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            NameFull: Dong, Feng
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: 2026
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              Y: 2026
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