Morphological and Computational Analysis of Additively Manufacturable Polyimide Precursors: Implications for Rationally Designing New Polyimide Structures.
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| Title: | Morphological and Computational Analysis of Additively Manufacturable Polyimide Precursors: Implications for Rationally Designing New Polyimide Structures. |
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| Authors: | Jackson, Erin C.1,2 (AUTHOR), Fossum, Carl1 (AUTHOR), Will, John W.2,3 (AUTHOR), Weyhrich, Cody W.4 (AUTHOR), Godshall, Garrett F.2 (AUTHOR), Long, Timothy E.4 (AUTHOR), Williams, Christopher B.2,5 (AUTHOR), Troya, Diego1,2 (AUTHOR), Moore, Robert B.1,2 (AUTHOR) rbmoore3@vt.edu |
| Source: | Macromolecular Materials & Engineering. Feb2026, Vol. 311 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p. |
| Subjects: | Polyimides, Morphology, Rapid prototyping, Thermal stability, Crystal morphology, Molecular dynamics, Photopolymers |
| Abstract: | In this work, photocurable polyimide precursors are additively manufactured via vat photopolymerization and thermally post‐processed into bulk polyimide discs. Two polyimide structural variants were additively manufactured, post‐processed, and characterized: the conventional pyromellitic dianhydride/4,4′‐oxydianiline (PMDA/ODA), and one based on PMDA/4,4'‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone (PMDA/DDS). The morphologies of both variants were studied as a function of post‐processing temperature. Scanning electron microscopy experiments reveal that the bulk morphologies of all printed parts are homogeneous below 350°C. Post‐processing at and above 350°C results in prevalent internal voids, which are more severe in the PMDA/DDS parts. Small/wide‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments reveal that the crystalline domains in PMDA/DDS parts are more loosely organized than the PMDA/ODA parts. Atomistic simulations reveal that the sulfone linkage of PMDA/DDS disrupts pi‐stacking of aromatic rings of neighboring chains, resulting in a profound reduction in interaction strength between adjacent polymer units in PMDA/DDS compared to PMDA/ODA. Ultimately, the reduced thermal stability of PMDA/DDS parts is attributed to disordering of the PMDA/DDS crystallites. This work presents the first in‐depth study of the structure‐morphology relationships of additively manufacturable polyimide precursors throughout post‐processing. These insights will inform future work focused on the development of new polyimides with stable semicrystalline morphologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Macromolecular Materials & Engineering is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194550003 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Morphological and Computational Analysis of Additively Manufacturable Polyimide Precursors: Implications for Rationally Designing New Polyimide Structures. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jackson%2C+Erin+C%2E%22">Jackson, Erin C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fossum%2C+Carl%22">Fossum, Carl</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Will%2C+John+W%2E%22">Will, John W.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weyhrich%2C+Cody+W%2E%22">Weyhrich, Cody W.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Godshall%2C+Garrett+F%2E%22">Godshall, Garrett F.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Long%2C+Timothy+E%2E%22">Long, Timothy E.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Williams%2C+Christopher+B%2E%22">Williams, Christopher B.</searchLink><relatesTo>2,5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Troya%2C+Diego%22">Troya, Diego</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Moore%2C+Robert+B%2E%22">Moore, Robert B.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rbmoore3@vt.edu</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Macromolecular+Materials+%26+Engineering%22">Macromolecular Materials & Engineering</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 311 Issue 2, p1-12. 12p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyimides%22">Polyimides</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Morphology%22">Morphology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rapid+prototyping%22">Rapid prototyping</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+stability%22">Thermal stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+morphology%22">Crystal morphology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Molecular+dynamics%22">Molecular dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Photopolymers%22">Photopolymers</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: In this work, photocurable polyimide precursors are additively manufactured via vat photopolymerization and thermally post‐processed into bulk polyimide discs. Two polyimide structural variants were additively manufactured, post‐processed, and characterized: the conventional pyromellitic dianhydride/4,4′‐oxydianiline (PMDA/ODA), and one based on PMDA/4,4'‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone (PMDA/DDS). The morphologies of both variants were studied as a function of post‐processing temperature. Scanning electron microscopy experiments reveal that the bulk morphologies of all printed parts are homogeneous below 350°C. Post‐processing at and above 350°C results in prevalent internal voids, which are more severe in the PMDA/DDS parts. Small/wide‐angle X‐ray scattering experiments reveal that the crystalline domains in PMDA/DDS parts are more loosely organized than the PMDA/ODA parts. Atomistic simulations reveal that the sulfone linkage of PMDA/DDS disrupts pi‐stacking of aromatic rings of neighboring chains, resulting in a profound reduction in interaction strength between adjacent polymer units in PMDA/DDS compared to PMDA/ODA. Ultimately, the reduced thermal stability of PMDA/DDS parts is attributed to disordering of the PMDA/DDS crystallites. This work presents the first in‐depth study of the structure‐morphology relationships of additively manufacturable polyimide precursors throughout post‐processing. These insights will inform future work focused on the development of new polyimides with stable semicrystalline morphologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Macromolecular Materials & Engineering is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=egs&AN=194550003 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/mame.202500338 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Polyimides Type: general – SubjectFull: Morphology Type: general – SubjectFull: Rapid prototyping Type: general – SubjectFull: Thermal stability Type: general – SubjectFull: Crystal morphology Type: general – SubjectFull: Molecular dynamics Type: general – SubjectFull: Photopolymers Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Morphological and Computational Analysis of Additively Manufacturable Polyimide Precursors: Implications for Rationally Designing New Polyimide Structures. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jackson, Erin C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Fossum, Carl – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Will, John W. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Weyhrich, Cody W. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Godshall, Garrett F. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Long, Timothy E. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Williams, Christopher B. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Troya, Diego – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Moore, Robert B. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 02 Text: Feb2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 14387492 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 311 – Type: issue Value: 2 Titles: – TitleFull: Macromolecular Materials & Engineering Type: main |
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