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Experimental investigation on reducing friction-induced graphitization in cobalt removal polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC).

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Title: Experimental investigation on reducing friction-induced graphitization in cobalt removal polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC).
Authors: Gou, Ruyi1 (AUTHOR) 2009swpu@163.com, Wang, Yu1 (AUTHOR), Cheng, Yulong1 (AUTHOR), Luo, Xun2 (AUTHOR) lxluo1995@163.com
Source: International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering. May2026, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p669-682. 14p.
Subjects: Graphitization, Heat treatment, Wear resistance, Mechanical wear, Chemical stability, Artificial diamonds, Drill stem
Abstract: Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) has excellent wear resistance, making it widely utilized in drill bits and bearings of downhole tools within the oil industry. However, the harsh conditions underground and the friction place higher demands on the performance of PDC. However, the harsh conditions underground and the friction place higher demands on the performance of PDC, leading to a severe deterioration in both wear resistance and chemical stability. To address this issue, the present work investigates cobalt removal PDC subjected to high-temperature annealing to evaluate its degree of graphitization and chemical stability. The annealing experiment was carried out by box resistance furnace. The microstructure of PDC after annealing and friction wear was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Additionally, the evolution of chemical bonds after PDC wear was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that with increasing annealing temperature, the area of PDC wear-resistant interface transfer film is increasing. In contrast, the non-cobalt removal PDC not only failed to develop a transfer film at the wear interface but also exhibited pronounced graphitization. These experimental findings and mechanistic insights offer a theoretical basis for guiding the application of PDC in downhole tools for petroleum drilling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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Header DbId: egs
DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194554518
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 0
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Experimental investigation on reducing friction-induced graphitization in cobalt removal polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC).
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gou%2C+Ruyi%22">Gou, Ruyi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> 2009swpu@163.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yu%22">Wang, Yu</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+Yulong%22">Cheng, Yulong</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Luo%2C+Xun%22">Luo, Xun</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lxluo1995@163.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Chemical+Reactor+Engineering%22">International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 24 Issue 5, p669-682. 14p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphitization%22">Graphitization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+treatment%22">Heat treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wear+resistance%22">Wear resistance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+wear%22">Mechanical wear</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+stability%22">Chemical stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Artificial+diamonds%22">Artificial diamonds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drill+stem%22">Drill stem</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) has excellent wear resistance, making it widely utilized in drill bits and bearings of downhole tools within the oil industry. However, the harsh conditions underground and the friction place higher demands on the performance of PDC. However, the harsh conditions underground and the friction place higher demands on the performance of PDC, leading to a severe deterioration in both wear resistance and chemical stability. To address this issue, the present work investigates cobalt removal PDC subjected to high-temperature annealing to evaluate its degree of graphitization and chemical stability. The annealing experiment was carried out by box resistance furnace. The microstructure of PDC after annealing and friction wear was examined using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Additionally, the evolution of chemical bonds after PDC wear was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that with increasing annealing temperature, the area of PDC wear-resistant interface transfer film is increasing. In contrast, the non-cobalt removal PDC not only failed to develop a transfer film at the wear interface but also exhibited pronounced graphitization. These experimental findings and mechanistic insights offer a theoretical basis for guiding the application of PDC in downhole tools for petroleum drilling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1515/ijcre-2025-0235
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 669
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      – SubjectFull: Graphitization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat treatment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wear resistance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical wear
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Artificial diamonds
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drill stem
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Experimental investigation on reducing friction-induced graphitization in cobalt removal polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC).
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            NameFull: Gou, Ruyi
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            NameFull: Wang, Yu
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            NameFull: Cheng, Yulong
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            NameFull: Luo, Xun
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            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering
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