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Parameterization of Wind Stress in Coastal Strong Wind Conditions and Its Application in Storm Surge and Wind Wave Simulations.

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Title: Parameterization of Wind Stress in Coastal Strong Wind Conditions and Its Application in Storm Surge and Wind Wave Simulations.
Authors: Li, Shuiqing1,2,3 (AUTHOR) lishuiqing@qdio.ac.cn, Chen, Sheng2,4 (AUTHOR), Gao, Xuanxuan1 (AUTHOR), Miao, Qingsheng5 (AUTHOR), Feng, Xingru1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Mo, Dongxue1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Hu, Po1,2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Physical Oceanography. May2026, Vol. 56 Issue 5, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Drag coefficient, Parameterization, Storm surges, Ocean, Tropical cyclones, Wind waves, Windstorms
Geographic Terms: East China Sea
Abstract: Accurate wind stress parameterization is essential for simulating coastal ocean dynamics. In operational models, wind stress is typically represented by a bulk formula involving a drag coefficient and wind speed. However, conventional drag coefficient formulations, generally expressed as linear functions of 10-m wind speed, suffer from dimensional inconsistency and exhibit substantial variability across observational datasets. In this study, We develop a dimensionally consistent drag coefficient parameterization for coastal strong-wind conditions, integrating measurement height, peak wavelength, and wave steepness. Evaluations using three coastal datasets demonstrate that that the wave-steepness–based formulation offers improved consistency and predictive skill over traditional wind speed– and wave-age–based approaches. The parameterization is applied in the simulation of storm surge and wind waves during Typhoon Muifa (2022) in the East China Sea. Compared to default wind-speed-dependent schemes, the new formulation efficiently improves the simulation of large storm surge heights and significant wave heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Parameterization of Wind Stress in Coastal Strong Wind Conditions and Its Application in Storm Surge and Wind Wave Simulations.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Shuiqing%22">Li, Shuiqing</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lishuiqing@qdio.ac.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Sheng%22">Chen, Sheng</searchLink><relatesTo>2,4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Xuanxuan%22">Gao, Xuanxuan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Miao%2C+Qingsheng%22">Miao, Qingsheng</searchLink><relatesTo>5</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Feng%2C+Xingru%22">Feng, Xingru</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mo%2C+Dongxue%22">Mo, Dongxue</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hu%2C+Po%22">Hu, Po</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Physical+Oceanography%22">Journal of Physical Oceanography</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 56 Issue 5, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drag+coefficient%22">Drag coefficient</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parameterization%22">Parameterization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Storm+surges%22">Storm surges</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ocean%22">Ocean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tropical+cyclones%22">Tropical cyclones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wind+waves%22">Wind waves</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Windstorms%22">Windstorms</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22East+China+Sea%22">East China Sea</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Accurate wind stress parameterization is essential for simulating coastal ocean dynamics. In operational models, wind stress is typically represented by a bulk formula involving a drag coefficient and wind speed. However, conventional drag coefficient formulations, generally expressed as linear functions of 10-m wind speed, suffer from dimensional inconsistency and exhibit substantial variability across observational datasets. In this study, We develop a dimensionally consistent drag coefficient parameterization for coastal strong-wind conditions, integrating measurement height, peak wavelength, and wave steepness. Evaluations using three coastal datasets demonstrate that that the wave-steepness–based formulation offers improved consistency and predictive skill over traditional wind speed– and wave-age–based approaches. The parameterization is applied in the simulation of storm surge and wind waves during Typhoon Muifa (2022) in the East China Sea. Compared to default wind-speed-dependent schemes, the new formulation efficiently improves the simulation of large storm surge heights and significant wave heights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Physical Oceanography is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1175/JPO-D-25-0168.1
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Drag coefficient
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Parameterization
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Storm surges
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ocean
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Tropical cyclones
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wind waves
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Windstorms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: East China Sea
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Parameterization of Wind Stress in Coastal Strong Wind Conditions and Its Application in Storm Surge and Wind Wave Simulations.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li, Shuiqing
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          Name:
            NameFull: Chen, Sheng
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Gao, Xuanxuan
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            NameFull: Miao, Qingsheng
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            NameFull: Feng, Xingru
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            NameFull: Mo, Dongxue
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            NameFull: Hu, Po
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 05
              Text: May2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 00223670
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              Value: 56
            – Type: issue
              Value: 5
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Physical Oceanography
              Type: main
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