Adjoint-based forecast sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity.
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| Title: | Adjoint-based forecast sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Morgan, Michael C.1 (AUTHOR) mcmorgan@wisc.edu, Chen, Nuo1 (AUTHOR), Goldstein, Alexander1 (AUTHOR), Hoover, Brett T.1,2 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Monthly Weather Review. Jun2026, Vol. 154 Issue 6, p1-22. 22p. |
| Subjects: | Sensitivity analysis, Geostrophic wind, Temperature, Cyclogenesis, Mathematical models, Vortex motion |
| Abstract: | A novel approach to deriving an analytical expression to diagnose the sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity (QGPV) from adjoint-model sensitivities to the horizontal wind and potential temperature is presented. The approach involves making use of the results of an often used technique to derive adjoint-informed, optimal initial perturbations which minimize initial-time energy and elicit a specified change in a final time response function. The approach, applied to other forms of potential vorticity, is verified against previously published results for sensitivities to vorticity and sensitivities to shallow water potential vorticity. The sensitivity to QGPV is shown to be proportional to the result of inverting QGPV calculated using the adjoint sensitivities to the horizontal wind field and potential temperature in place of the horizontal winds and potential temperature of the prognostic model. Given the sensitivity to QGPV, the sensitivities to the geostrophic wind and hydrostatic temperature fields are readily diagnosed. The initialization and subsequent integration of an adjoint model with these balanced sensitivities suppresses high-frequency oscillations associated with adjoint adjustment while preserving the salient characteristics of low-frequency adjoint sensitivity fields. Application of these results is demonstrated in a case study of North Pacific cyclogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194578205 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Adjoint-based forecast sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Morgan%2C+Michael+C%2E%22">Morgan, Michael C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mcmorgan@wisc.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Nuo%22">Chen, Nuo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goldstein%2C+Alexander%22">Goldstein, Alexander</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hoover%2C+Brett+T%2E%22">Hoover, Brett T.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Monthly+Weather+Review%22">Monthly Weather Review</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 154 Issue 6, p1-22. 22p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sensitivity+analysis%22">Sensitivity analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geostrophic+wind%22">Geostrophic wind</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temperature%22">Temperature</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cyclogenesis%22">Cyclogenesis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mathematical+models%22">Mathematical models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vortex+motion%22">Vortex motion</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: A novel approach to deriving an analytical expression to diagnose the sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity (QGPV) from adjoint-model sensitivities to the horizontal wind and potential temperature is presented. The approach involves making use of the results of an often used technique to derive adjoint-informed, optimal initial perturbations which minimize initial-time energy and elicit a specified change in a final time response function. The approach, applied to other forms of potential vorticity, is verified against previously published results for sensitivities to vorticity and sensitivities to shallow water potential vorticity. The sensitivity to QGPV is shown to be proportional to the result of inverting QGPV calculated using the adjoint sensitivities to the horizontal wind field and potential temperature in place of the horizontal winds and potential temperature of the prognostic model. Given the sensitivity to QGPV, the sensitivities to the geostrophic wind and hydrostatic temperature fields are readily diagnosed. The initialization and subsequent integration of an adjoint model with these balanced sensitivities suppresses high-frequency oscillations associated with adjoint adjustment while preserving the salient characteristics of low-frequency adjoint sensitivity fields. Application of these results is demonstrated in a case study of North Pacific cyclogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Monthly Weather Review is the property of American Meteorological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1175/MWR-D-25-0161.1 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 22 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Sensitivity analysis Type: general – SubjectFull: Geostrophic wind Type: general – SubjectFull: Temperature Type: general – SubjectFull: Cyclogenesis Type: general – SubjectFull: Mathematical models Type: general – SubjectFull: Vortex motion Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Adjoint-based forecast sensitivity to quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Morgan, Michael C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chen, Nuo – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Goldstein, Alexander – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hoover, Brett T. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00270644 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 154 – Type: issue Value: 6 Titles: – TitleFull: Monthly Weather Review Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
