Mapping of Crop Planting Structures Under Limited Training Samples Using TabPFN and Sentinel-2 Time Series Data.
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| Title: | Mapping of Crop Planting Structures Under Limited Training Samples Using TabPFN and Sentinel-2 Time Series Data. |
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| Authors: | Yang, Ke1 (AUTHOR), Huang, Yanyan1,2 (AUTHOR) huangyy@cuit.edu.cn, Lu, Xin3 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Remote Sensing. Jun2026, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1857. 27p. |
| Subjects: | Feature selection, Machine learning, Time series analysis, Remote sensing, Precision farming |
| Abstract: | Highlights: What are the main findings? The RFE-TabPFN framework achieved an OA of 96.27%, a kappa coefficient of 0.9558, and a macro-F1 score of 0.956 in the main validation. In repeated small-sample experiments, TabPFN maintained a mean OA of 90.60% at a 30% training-sample ratio and 82.89% at a 10% ratio. What are the implications of the main findings? The proposed framework provides a feasible approach for crop classification in data-scarce mountainous regions where field sampling is costly and constrained. RF-guided feature ranking and coordinate-removal ablation suggest that phenological, spectral, and textural features were important sources of discrimination, while geographic coordinates mainly provided supplementary spatial context. Accurate mapping of crop planting structures is critical for precision agriculture, yet it remains challenging in rugged terrain with fragmented fields, frequent cloud contamination, and limited high-quality training samples. This study evaluates an integrated framework combining recursive feature elimination (RFE) and the pretrained Tabular Prior-Data Fitted Network (TabPFN) for small-sample crop classification using Sentinel-2 time-series data in Yuxi City, located on the western margin of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau. A multidimensional feature set integrating spectral and temporal vegetation indices and textural and geospatial information was constructed and optimized via RFE. The TabPFN model achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 96.27%, a kappa coefficient of 0.9558, and a macro-F1 score of 0.956 in the main validation. In repeated small-sample experiments, TabPFN maintained a mean OA of 90.60% at a 30% training-sample ratio and 82.89% at a 10% ratio. RF-guided feature ranking and ablation analyses suggested that temporal vegetation indices were important predictors, followed by early-season spectral characteristics, textural features, and supplementary geospatial information. Overall, these findings indicate that RFE-TabPFN is a feasible option for 10 m crop mapping in Yuxi under limited training samples, while its broader applicability still requires further testing across additional years, regions, and cropping systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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