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Effect of Sb on the Hot Ductility and Fracture Behavior of Low-Alloy Corrosion-Resistant Steel.

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Title: Effect of Sb on the Hot Ductility and Fracture Behavior of Low-Alloy Corrosion-Resistant Steel.
Authors: Liu, Zhiwei1,2,3 (AUTHOR), Li, Wang2,3 (AUTHOR), Gao, Xiuhua3 (AUTHOR) xiuhuagaoneu@126.com, Du, Linxiu1,3 (AUTHOR), Wu, Hongyan2,3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Ruiqi1,2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2202. 20p.
Subjects: Antimony, Ductility, Inorganic compounds, Low alloy steel, Fracture mechanics, Crystal grain boundaries
Abstract: The mechanism by which Sb influences the hot ductility and fracture behavior of corrosion-resistant steel within the temperature range of 650–1200 °C was systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The temperature interval of the ductility trough and the underlying mechanisms responsible for its occurrence were elucidated. The results indicated that ductility troughs for the 0.09Sb and 0.15Sb steels occurred at 726–949 °C and 736–995 °C, respectively. Increasing Sb content broadened the ductility trough temperature range and shifted the minimum ductility temperature to higher values. The ductility trough was attributed to the combined effects of grain boundary ferrite films, coarse precipitates, and non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation of Sb. During deformation in the austenite–ferrite two-phase region at 800 °C, the hot ductility is primarily governed by the thickness of the grain boundary ferrite film. These ferrite films are prone to stress concentration, thereby reducing the hot ductility of both the 0.09Sb steel and the 0.15Sb steel. In the single-phase austenite region at 900 °C, coarse Ti(C,N) and MnS precipitates readily act as crack initiation sites, leading to intergranular fracture in the 0.15Sb steel. Non-equilibrium Sb grain boundary segregation further weakens grain boundary cohesion, thereby deteriorating the hot ductility of the steel. Moreover, increasing Sb content enhanced the magnitude of non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation and elevated its peak temperature, thereby raising the minimum ductility temperature. This work provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for optimizing the continuous casting of Sb-containing corrosion-resistant steel in industrial production, thereby contributing to improved surface quality of continuously cast slabs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Effect of Sb on the Hot Ductility and Fracture Behavior of Low-Alloy Corrosion-Resistant Steel.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2202. 20p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antimony%22">Antimony</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ductility%22">Ductility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inorganic+compounds%22">Inorganic compounds</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Low+alloy+steel%22">Low alloy steel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fracture+mechanics%22">Fracture mechanics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+grain+boundaries%22">Crystal grain boundaries</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: The mechanism by which Sb influences the hot ductility and fracture behavior of corrosion-resistant steel within the temperature range of 650–1200 °C was systematically investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The temperature interval of the ductility trough and the underlying mechanisms responsible for its occurrence were elucidated. The results indicated that ductility troughs for the 0.09Sb and 0.15Sb steels occurred at 726–949 °C and 736–995 °C, respectively. Increasing Sb content broadened the ductility trough temperature range and shifted the minimum ductility temperature to higher values. The ductility trough was attributed to the combined effects of grain boundary ferrite films, coarse precipitates, and non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation of Sb. During deformation in the austenite–ferrite two-phase region at 800 °C, the hot ductility is primarily governed by the thickness of the grain boundary ferrite film. These ferrite films are prone to stress concentration, thereby reducing the hot ductility of both the 0.09Sb steel and the 0.15Sb steel. In the single-phase austenite region at 900 °C, coarse Ti(C,N) and MnS precipitates readily act as crack initiation sites, leading to intergranular fracture in the 0.15Sb steel. Non-equilibrium Sb grain boundary segregation further weakens grain boundary cohesion, thereby deteriorating the hot ductility of the steel. Moreover, increasing Sb content enhanced the magnitude of non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation and elevated its peak temperature, thereby raising the minimum ductility temperature. This work provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for optimizing the continuous casting of Sb-containing corrosion-resistant steel in industrial production, thereby contributing to improved surface quality of continuously cast slabs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19112202
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
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      – SubjectFull: Antimony
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ductility
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      – SubjectFull: Inorganic compounds
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      – SubjectFull: Low alloy steel
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      – SubjectFull: Fracture mechanics
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      – SubjectFull: Crystal grain boundaries
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      – TitleFull: Effect of Sb on the Hot Ductility and Fracture Behavior of Low-Alloy Corrosion-Resistant Steel.
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            NameFull: Liu, Zhiwei
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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