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Rheology and Shape Stability Control of 3D-Printed White Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Composites Containing Oyster Shell and Cuttlebone Powder.

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Title: Rheology and Shape Stability Control of 3D-Printed White Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Composites Containing Oyster Shell and Cuttlebone Powder.
Authors: Qu, Xingyu1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Qinyuan2 (AUTHOR), Kong, Jiafeng3 (AUTHOR), Wang, Junyu1,4 (AUTHOR), Wang, Jie1 (AUTHOR), Xu, Xingang2,4 (AUTHOR), Zheng, Yan1,3 (AUTHOR) xuxingang@whut.edu.cn, Wu, Heyang1,4 (AUTHOR), Chen, Mingxu1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Materials (1996-1944). Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2410. 16p.
Subjects: Rheology, Structural stability, Calcium carbonate, Sulfoaluminate cement, Tensile strength, Three-dimensional printing, Composite materials
Abstract: To optimize the shape stability of 3D-printed white calcium sulfoaluminate (WCSA) cement composites, oyster shell powder (OSP) and cuttlebone powder (CBP) were introduced as white admixtures to regulate rheological properties and printability. The setting behavior, rheological properties, and shape stability of the WCSA cement composites were evaluated by Vicat setting-time tests, rotational rheological measurements, three-stage thixotropic recovery tests, and structural deformation measurements, together with mechanical strength tests, XRD, and SEM analyses. The results showed that the incorporation of OSP and CBP shortened the setting time of WCSA cement composites. The initial and final setting times decreased from 41 min and 67 min to 17 min and 30 min in the WCSA cement composites with OSP, and from 42 min and 66 min to 20 min and 33 min in the WCSA cement composites with CBP, which improved printing operability. As the OSP and CBP content increases from 0% to 24%, the dynamic yield stress of WCSA cement composites increased from 48.83 Pa to 530.59 Pa and 60.30 Pa to 1085.80 Pa, respectively. The thixotropic recovery degree of WCSA cement composites increased from 57.89% to 86.46%, and 56.60% to 92.14%, respectively. As the OSP and CBP contents increase from 0% to 24%, the structural deformation decreased from 12.39% to 6.91% and 13.29% to 5.12% respectively, which improved buildability of the printed structures. In addition, although OSP and CBP reduced the mechanical strength of WCSA cement composites compared with the control group, the flexural and compressive strengths gradually recovered as the contents increased from 6% to 24% due to the enhanced filling effect and improved particle packing. This study provides a reference for the application of marine calcareous solid wastes in sustainable 3D-printed cementitious materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Rheology and Shape Stability Control of 3D-Printed White Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Composites Containing Oyster Shell and Cuttlebone Powder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Materials+%281996-1944%29%22">Materials (1996-1944)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 19 Issue 11, p2410. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rheology%22">Rheology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+stability%22">Structural stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Calcium+carbonate%22">Calcium carbonate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sulfoaluminate+cement%22">Sulfoaluminate cement</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tensile+strength%22">Tensile strength</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Composite+materials%22">Composite materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: To optimize the shape stability of 3D-printed white calcium sulfoaluminate (WCSA) cement composites, oyster shell powder (OSP) and cuttlebone powder (CBP) were introduced as white admixtures to regulate rheological properties and printability. The setting behavior, rheological properties, and shape stability of the WCSA cement composites were evaluated by Vicat setting-time tests, rotational rheological measurements, three-stage thixotropic recovery tests, and structural deformation measurements, together with mechanical strength tests, XRD, and SEM analyses. The results showed that the incorporation of OSP and CBP shortened the setting time of WCSA cement composites. The initial and final setting times decreased from 41 min and 67 min to 17 min and 30 min in the WCSA cement composites with OSP, and from 42 min and 66 min to 20 min and 33 min in the WCSA cement composites with CBP, which improved printing operability. As the OSP and CBP content increases from 0% to 24%, the dynamic yield stress of WCSA cement composites increased from 48.83 Pa to 530.59 Pa and 60.30 Pa to 1085.80 Pa, respectively. The thixotropic recovery degree of WCSA cement composites increased from 57.89% to 86.46%, and 56.60% to 92.14%, respectively. As the OSP and CBP contents increase from 0% to 24%, the structural deformation decreased from 12.39% to 6.91% and 13.29% to 5.12% respectively, which improved buildability of the printed structures. In addition, although OSP and CBP reduced the mechanical strength of WCSA cement composites compared with the control group, the flexural and compressive strengths gradually recovered as the contents increased from 6% to 24% due to the enhanced filling effect and improved particle packing. This study provides a reference for the application of marine calcareous solid wastes in sustainable 3D-printed cementitious materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Materials (1996-1944) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/ma19112410
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 2410
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Rheology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Calcium carbonate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sulfoaluminate cement
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      – SubjectFull: Tensile strength
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Composite materials
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Rheology and Shape Stability Control of 3D-Printed White Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement Composites Containing Oyster Shell and Cuttlebone Powder.
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            NameFull: Qu, Xingyu
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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