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Synergistic Enhancement of Phenolic Hydroxyl Content in Lignin via Sequential Hydrothermal and Twin-Screw Extrusion Pretreatment Followed by Aqueous Ethanol Organosolv Extraction.

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Title: Synergistic Enhancement of Phenolic Hydroxyl Content in Lignin via Sequential Hydrothermal and Twin-Screw Extrusion Pretreatment Followed by Aqueous Ethanol Organosolv Extraction.
Authors: Liang, Fangmin1,2,3,4 (AUTHOR), Jiao, Ting1,2 (AUTHOR), Jiao, Jian1,3 (AUTHOR), Huang, Chen1,4 (AUTHOR), Lv, Yan1 (AUTHOR), Deng, Yongjun1,2 (AUTHOR), Tian, Qingwen1,3 (AUTHOR), Wu, Ting1,4 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Beiping1 (AUTHOR), Han, Shanming1 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Xuelian1 (AUTHOR), Zhu, Hongxiang4 (AUTHOR), Fang, Guigan1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Fengshan2,3 (AUTHOR), Liu, Yanshao2,3 (AUTHOR), Zhou, Jingpeng2,3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Polymers (20734360). Jun2026, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1297. 23p.
Subjects: Lignification, Extrusion process, Cellulose chemistry, Scission (Chemistry), Plant biomass, Phenols
Abstract: Lignin, the second most abundant polymer, remains largely underutilized, with nearly 90% of industrial lignin being combusted for energy due to its low phenolic hydroxyl content and structural heterogeneity of conventional extraction methods. The present study proposes a synergistic extraction method integrating sequential hydrothermal and twin-screw extrusion pretreatment followed by aqueous ethanol organosolv extraction. Three pretreatment strategies—hydrothermal pretreatment, twin-screw extrusion pretreatment, and sequential hydrothermal and twin-screw extrusion pretreatment—were compared. The sequential pretreatment exhibited the most favorable performance. Upon organosolv extraction, a lignin extraction rate of 67.9% was achieved, representing a 20.8% increase over that of the raw material. Extensive β-O-4′ bond cleavage during the integrated process liberated phenolic hydroxyl groups. This elevated the total phenolic hydroxyl content to 3.43 mmol·g−1, representing a 63.3% increase relative to lignin derived from raw material. Concurrently, this bond cleavage yielded lignin with a narrower molecular weight distribution, indicating enhanced structural homogeneity. Additionally, cellulose retention after lignin extraction reached 88.9%. Mass-balance calculations indicated that 1000 g of raw material yielded 82.5 g of xylose and xylooligosaccharides, 148.2 g of highly active lignin, and cellulose-enriched solid residues, thereby facilitating the comprehensive utilization of the three primary components of lignocellulosic biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Synergistic Enhancement of Phenolic Hydroxyl Content in Lignin via Sequential Hydrothermal and Twin-Screw Extrusion Pretreatment Followed by Aqueous Ethanol Organosolv Extraction.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Polymers+%2820734360%29%22">Polymers (20734360)</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 18 Issue 11, p1297. 23p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lignification%22">Lignification</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extrusion+process%22">Extrusion process</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cellulose+chemistry%22">Cellulose chemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scission+%28Chemistry%29%22">Scission (Chemistry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+biomass%22">Plant biomass</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phenols%22">Phenols</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Lignin, the second most abundant polymer, remains largely underutilized, with nearly 90% of industrial lignin being combusted for energy due to its low phenolic hydroxyl content and structural heterogeneity of conventional extraction methods. The present study proposes a synergistic extraction method integrating sequential hydrothermal and twin-screw extrusion pretreatment followed by aqueous ethanol organosolv extraction. Three pretreatment strategies—hydrothermal pretreatment, twin-screw extrusion pretreatment, and sequential hydrothermal and twin-screw extrusion pretreatment—were compared. The sequential pretreatment exhibited the most favorable performance. Upon organosolv extraction, a lignin extraction rate of 67.9% was achieved, representing a 20.8% increase over that of the raw material. Extensive β-O-4′ bond cleavage during the integrated process liberated phenolic hydroxyl groups. This elevated the total phenolic hydroxyl content to 3.43 mmol·g−1, representing a 63.3% increase relative to lignin derived from raw material. Concurrently, this bond cleavage yielded lignin with a narrower molecular weight distribution, indicating enhanced structural homogeneity. Additionally, cellulose retention after lignin extraction reached 88.9%. Mass-balance calculations indicated that 1000 g of raw material yielded 82.5 g of xylose and xylooligosaccharides, 148.2 g of highly active lignin, and cellulose-enriched solid residues, thereby facilitating the comprehensive utilization of the three primary components of lignocellulosic biomass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Polymers (20734360) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3390/polym18111297
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 1297
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      – SubjectFull: Lignification
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extrusion process
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      – SubjectFull: Cellulose chemistry
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      – SubjectFull: Phenols
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      – TitleFull: Synergistic Enhancement of Phenolic Hydroxyl Content in Lignin via Sequential Hydrothermal and Twin-Screw Extrusion Pretreatment Followed by Aqueous Ethanol Organosolv Extraction.
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