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Quasinormal modes of a static black hole in nonlinear electrodynamics.

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Title: Quasinormal modes of a static black hole in nonlinear electrodynamics.
Authors: Fathi, Mohsen1 (AUTHOR) mohsen.fathi@ucentral.cl, Guzmán, Ariel2 (AUTHOR) ariel.guzman@estudiantes.uv.cl, Villanueva, J. R.2 (AUTHOR) jose.villanueva@uv.cl
Source: European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields. May2026, Vol. 86 Issue 5, p1-21. 21p.
Subjects: Black holes, Electrodynamics, Spectral element method, Perturbation theory, Eigenvalues, Spacetime
Abstract: We investigate the axial electromagnetic quasinormal modes of a static, asymptotically Anti–de Sitter (AdS) black hole sourced by a nonlinear electrodynamics model of Plebański type. Starting from the master equation governing axial perturbations, we impose ingoing boundary conditions at the event horizon and normalizable (Dirichlet) behavior at the AdS boundary. Following the approach of Jansen, we recast the radial equation into a linear generalized eigenvalue problem by using an ingoing Eddington–Finkelstein formulation, compactifying the radial domain, and regularizing the asymptotic coefficients. The resulting problem is solved using a Chebyshev–Lobatto pseudospectral discretization. We compute the fundamental quasinormal mode frequencies for both the purely electric ( Q m = 0 ) and purely magnetic ( Q e = 0 ) sectors, emphasizing the role of the nonlinearity parameter β and the effective charge magnitude Q. Our results show that increasing the nonlinear coupling β and, more generally, increasing the charge magnitude Q, tends to raise the oscillation frequency ω R and typically enhances the damping rate - ω I , leading to faster but more rapidly decaying ringdown profiles. Nonlinear electrodynamics breaks the electric–magnetic spectral degeneracy: magnetic modes are systematically less oscillatory and more weakly damped than their electric counterparts. For sufficiently large β and small Q m , the fundamental mode becomes purely imaginary ( ω R ≈ 0 ), consistent with the disappearance of the trapping barrier in this regime. These findings reveal qualitative signatures of nonlinear electromagnetic effects on black hole perturbations and may provide useful theoretical insight into strong-field or high-charge astrophysical environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Quasinormal modes of a static black hole in nonlinear electrodynamics.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fathi%2C+Mohsen%22">Fathi, Mohsen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mohsen.fathi@ucentral.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guzmán%2C+Ariel%22">Guzmán, Ariel</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> ariel.guzman@estudiantes.uv.cl</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Villanueva%2C+J%2E+R%2E%22">Villanueva, J. R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> jose.villanueva@uv.cl</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Physical+Journal+C+--+Particles+%26+Fields%22">European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields</searchLink>. May2026, Vol. 86 Issue 5, p1-21. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Black+holes%22">Black holes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electrodynamics%22">Electrodynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spectral+element+method%22">Spectral element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Perturbation+theory%22">Perturbation theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eigenvalues%22">Eigenvalues</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Spacetime%22">Spacetime</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: We investigate the axial electromagnetic quasinormal modes of a static, asymptotically Anti–de Sitter (AdS) black hole sourced by a nonlinear electrodynamics model of Plebański type. Starting from the master equation governing axial perturbations, we impose ingoing boundary conditions at the event horizon and normalizable (Dirichlet) behavior at the AdS boundary. Following the approach of Jansen, we recast the radial equation into a linear generalized eigenvalue problem by using an ingoing Eddington–Finkelstein formulation, compactifying the radial domain, and regularizing the asymptotic coefficients. The resulting problem is solved using a Chebyshev–Lobatto pseudospectral discretization. We compute the fundamental quasinormal mode frequencies for both the purely electric ( Q m = 0 ) and purely magnetic ( Q e = 0 ) sectors, emphasizing the role of the nonlinearity parameter β and the effective charge magnitude Q. Our results show that increasing the nonlinear coupling β and, more generally, increasing the charge magnitude Q, tends to raise the oscillation frequency ω R and typically enhances the damping rate - ω I , leading to faster but more rapidly decaying ringdown profiles. Nonlinear electrodynamics breaks the electric–magnetic spectral degeneracy: magnetic modes are systematically less oscillatory and more weakly damped than their electric counterparts. For sufficiently large β and small Q m , the fundamental mode becomes purely imaginary ( ω R ≈ 0 ), consistent with the disappearance of the trapping barrier in this regime. These findings reveal qualitative signatures of nonlinear electromagnetic effects on black hole perturbations and may provide useful theoretical insight into strong-field or high-charge astrophysical environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Physical Journal C -- Particles & Fields is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – SubjectFull: Spectral element method
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      – TitleFull: Quasinormal modes of a static black hole in nonlinear electrodynamics.
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              Text: May2026
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