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Feasibility and microstructural mechanism analysis of AZ31B magnesium alloy contact heating-isothermal forming process.

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Title: Feasibility and microstructural mechanism analysis of AZ31B magnesium alloy contact heating-isothermal forming process.
Authors: Pan, Wei1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Zhiqiang1 (AUTHOR) zhangzq@jlu.edu.cn, Zhao, Yangxi1 (AUTHOR), Ren, Mingwen1 (AUTHOR), Jia, Hongjie1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science). Jul2026, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p1-21. 21p.
Subjects: Magnesium alloys, Isothermal processes, Heat conduction, High temperatures, Microstructure, Materials texture, Grain size, Mechanical behavior of materials
Abstract: Magnesium alloys have poor formability at room temperature, which limits their large-scale use. Traditional furnace heating for hot forming is inefficient and consumes a large amount of energy. This study focuses on AZ31B magnesium alloy and systematically compares two heating methods: contact heating and furnace heating, both combined with isothermal U-shaped stamping at 250 ℃. Mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile tests and microhardness measurements. Microstructural evolution and fracture behavior were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that parts produced by both heating methods exhibit similar mechanical properties. The yield strength remains between 148 and 150 MPa, the tensile strength is around 276–280 MPa, and the elongation at fracture increases by 16.4–18.3% compared with the initial state. The contact heating method rapidly heats the material within 15 s, effectively limiting grain growth and weakening the texture. The grain size of contact-heated samples (6.28 μm) is smaller than that of furnace-heated samples (6.80 μm), with a correspondingly lower basal plane texture intensity. The volume fraction of recrystallized grains increases only slightly under both heating methods. In both cases, plastic deformation is primarily accommodated by non-basal slip systems. Contact heating substantially improves heating efficiency while maintaining forming quality, offering an energy-efficient approach for hot forming magnesium alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194640489
AccessLevel: 6
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Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Feasibility and microstructural mechanism analysis of AZ31B magnesium alloy contact heating-isothermal forming process.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pan%2C+Wei%22">Pan, Wei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Zhiqiang%22">Zhang, Zhiqiang</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> zhangzq@jlu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Yangxi%22">Zhao, Yangxi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ren%2C+Mingwen%22">Ren, Mingwen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia%2C+Hongjie%22">Jia, Hongjie</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Archives+of+Civil+%26+Mechanical+Engineering+%28Elsevier+Science%29%22">Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science)</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p1-21. 21p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnesium+alloys%22">Magnesium alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Isothermal+processes%22">Isothermal processes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+conduction%22">Heat conduction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+temperatures%22">High temperatures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microstructure%22">Microstructure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Materials+texture%22">Materials texture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Grain+size%22">Grain size</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mechanical+behavior+of+materials%22">Mechanical behavior of materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Magnesium alloys have poor formability at room temperature, which limits their large-scale use. Traditional furnace heating for hot forming is inefficient and consumes a large amount of energy. This study focuses on AZ31B magnesium alloy and systematically compares two heating methods: contact heating and furnace heating, both combined with isothermal U-shaped stamping at 250 ℃. Mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile tests and microhardness measurements. Microstructural evolution and fracture behavior were analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that parts produced by both heating methods exhibit similar mechanical properties. The yield strength remains between 148 and 150 MPa, the tensile strength is around 276–280 MPa, and the elongation at fracture increases by 16.4–18.3% compared with the initial state. The contact heating method rapidly heats the material within 15 s, effectively limiting grain growth and weakening the texture. The grain size of contact-heated samples (6.28 μm) is smaller than that of furnace-heated samples (6.80 μm), with a correspondingly lower basal plane texture intensity. The volume fraction of recrystallized grains increases only slightly under both heating methods. In both cases, plastic deformation is primarily accommodated by non-basal slip systems. Contact heating substantially improves heating efficiency while maintaining forming quality, offering an energy-efficient approach for hot forming magnesium alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1007/s43452-026-01533-2
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 21
        StartPage: 1
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      – SubjectFull: Magnesium alloys
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Isothermal processes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat conduction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: High temperatures
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microstructure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Materials texture
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Grain size
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mechanical behavior of materials
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Feasibility and microstructural mechanism analysis of AZ31B magnesium alloy contact heating-isothermal forming process.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Pan, Wei
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            NameFull: Zhang, Zhiqiang
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            NameFull: Zhao, Yangxi
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            NameFull: Ren, Mingwen
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            NameFull: Jia, Hongjie
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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