Thermo-mechanical bending and stress analysis of deep GNP-reinforced thick cylindrical shells on an orthotropic Pasternak foundation considering nanoparticle agglomeration.

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Title: Thermo-mechanical bending and stress analysis of deep GNP-reinforced thick cylindrical shells on an orthotropic Pasternak foundation considering nanoparticle agglomeration.
Authors: Azimi, Javad1 (AUTHOR), Loghman, Abbas1 (AUTHOR) aloghman@kashanu.ac.ir, Bidgoli, Elyas Mohammad-Rezaei1 (AUTHOR), Arefi, Mohammad1 (AUTHOR) arefi63@gmail.com
Source: Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science). Jul2026, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p1-40. 40p.
Subjects: Cylindrical shells, Elastic foundations, Nanoparticles, Thermal stresses, Graphene, Stress concentration, Shear (Mechanics), Thermal conductivity
Abstract: In this study, a comprehensive thermo-elastic analysis of a GNP-reinforced deep thick cylindrical shell resting on an orthotropic Pasternak–Winkler elastic foundation is presented. The shell is composed of a polymeric matrix enriched with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), whose volume fraction varies through the thickness according to several functional distribution patterns. To accurately represent the three-dimensional mechanical response, a quasi-3D sinusoidal shear deformation theory incorporating the thickness-stretching effect (εₙ ≠ 0) is employed, thereby avoiding any shallow-shell or constant transverse strain assumptions. The orthotropic foundation model, which remains rarely explored in the context of nanocomposite cylindrical shells, allows anisotropic shear interactions to be properly captured. The temperature field across the thickness is obtained analytically by solving the one-dimensional steady-state conduction equation, and temperature-dependent thermo-mechanical properties of both the matrix and the GNPs are fully incorporated. The governing equations are derived via Principle of Virtual Work and solved through a semi-analytical framework combining exact circumferential expansion with a high-order differential quadrature discretization along the axial direction. Axial and radial deflections, together with the through-thickness distributions of von Mises stress, are evaluated for a wide range of parameters. The results demonstrate that increasing the GNP content markedly enhances structural stiffness and reduces deflections, while thermo-mechanical coupling may induce localized increases in von Mises stress. Among all dispersion patterns, the FG-A configuration provides the most uniform stress distribution and is therefore the most effective from a structural integrity standpoint. Foundation characteristics—including the Winkler modulus, orthotropic shear stiffnesses, and anisotropy angle—exert a significant influence on both deflection and stress fields. The proposed formulation, which integrates thickness stretching, thermal dependency, orthotropic foundation behavior, and GNP agglomeration effects, offers a high-fidelity thermo-elastic solution applicable to thin, moderately thick, and deep cylindrical shells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Thermo-mechanical bending and stress analysis of deep GNP-reinforced thick cylindrical shells on an orthotropic Pasternak foundation considering nanoparticle agglomeration.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azimi%2C+Javad%22">Azimi, Javad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Loghman%2C+Abbas%22">Loghman, Abbas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> aloghman@kashanu.ac.ir</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bidgoli%2C+Elyas+Mohammad-Rezaei%22">Bidgoli, Elyas Mohammad-Rezaei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arefi%2C+Mohammad%22">Arefi, Mohammad</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> arefi63@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Archives+of+Civil+%26+Mechanical+Engineering+%28Elsevier+Science%29%22">Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science)</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p1-40. 40p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cylindrical+shells%22">Cylindrical shells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elastic+foundations%22">Elastic foundations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanoparticles%22">Nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+stresses%22">Thermal stresses</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graphene%22">Graphene</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stress+concentration%22">Stress concentration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shear+%28Mechanics%29%22">Shear (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+conductivity%22">Thermal conductivity</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this study, a comprehensive thermo-elastic analysis of a GNP-reinforced deep thick cylindrical shell resting on an orthotropic Pasternak–Winkler elastic foundation is presented. The shell is composed of a polymeric matrix enriched with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), whose volume fraction varies through the thickness according to several functional distribution patterns. To accurately represent the three-dimensional mechanical response, a quasi-3D sinusoidal shear deformation theory incorporating the thickness-stretching effect (εₙ ≠ 0) is employed, thereby avoiding any shallow-shell or constant transverse strain assumptions. The orthotropic foundation model, which remains rarely explored in the context of nanocomposite cylindrical shells, allows anisotropic shear interactions to be properly captured. The temperature field across the thickness is obtained analytically by solving the one-dimensional steady-state conduction equation, and temperature-dependent thermo-mechanical properties of both the matrix and the GNPs are fully incorporated. The governing equations are derived via Principle of Virtual Work and solved through a semi-analytical framework combining exact circumferential expansion with a high-order differential quadrature discretization along the axial direction. Axial and radial deflections, together with the through-thickness distributions of von Mises stress, are evaluated for a wide range of parameters. The results demonstrate that increasing the GNP content markedly enhances structural stiffness and reduces deflections, while thermo-mechanical coupling may induce localized increases in von Mises stress. Among all dispersion patterns, the FG-A configuration provides the most uniform stress distribution and is therefore the most effective from a structural integrity standpoint. Foundation characteristics—including the Winkler modulus, orthotropic shear stiffnesses, and anisotropy angle—exert a significant influence on both deflection and stress fields. The proposed formulation, which integrates thickness stretching, thermal dependency, orthotropic foundation behavior, and GNP agglomeration effects, offers a high-fidelity thermo-elastic solution applicable to thin, moderately thick, and deep cylindrical shells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Archives of Civil & Mechanical Engineering (Elsevier Science) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1007/s43452-026-01551-0
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 40
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Cylindrical shells
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Elastic foundations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal stresses
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Graphene
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stress concentration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shear (Mechanics)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thermal conductivity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Thermo-mechanical bending and stress analysis of deep GNP-reinforced thick cylindrical shells on an orthotropic Pasternak foundation considering nanoparticle agglomeration.
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            NameFull: Azimi, Javad
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            NameFull: Loghman, Abbas
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            NameFull: Bidgoli, Elyas Mohammad-Rezaei
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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