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Seismic Response Mechanism and Soil–Structure Interaction of Monopile Offshore Wind Turbines Under Flat and Near‐Sloping Seabed Scenarios.

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Title: Seismic Response Mechanism and Soil–Structure Interaction of Monopile Offshore Wind Turbines Under Flat and Near‐Sloping Seabed Scenarios.
Authors: Liang, Bang-Yan1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Zhao-Zhong2 (AUTHOR), Yu, Wen-Wen1 (AUTHOR), Sun, Wen-Huo1 (AUTHOR), Liang, Yu-Jia3 (AUTHOR), Huang, Yong-Hui3 (AUTHOR) huangyh@gzhu.edu.cn, Zhao, Zhipeng (AUTHOR) zhaozhipeng@tongji.edu.cn
Source: Shock & Vibration. 6/17/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Seismic response, Soil-structure interaction, Structural dynamics, Building foundations, Offshore wind power plants, Piles & pile driving, Shaking table tests, Submarine topography
Abstract: Monopile foundations are widely used in fixed‐bottom offshore wind turbines (OWTs), and their seismic response is strongly affected by pile–soil–structure interaction. Most existing studies have focused on OWTs located on flat and idealized seabeds, whereas the influence of near‐slope seabed topography has received relatively limited experimental attention. To address this gap, this study conducts small‐scale shake table tests on a monopile‐supported OWT model embedded in sand under no‐slope and near‐slope conditions. The effects of turbine orientation angle, toward‐slope and away‐slope orientations, and the distance from the pile to the slope crest are examined using structural acceleration, soil acceleration, acceleration amplification factors, and pile‐head displacement. The results show that, under no‐slope conditions, the pile‐head and tower‐top accelerations increase with the turbine orientation angle, while the soil acceleration is less sensitive to turbine eccentricity. Under near‐slope conditions, the measured soil accelerations are approximately 5%–10% higher under the toward‐slope orientation than under the away‐slope orientation. A shorter distance from the pile to the slope crest generally corresponds to a higher soil acceleration response within the tested range. Compared to previous studies based mainly on flat seabed assumptions or numerical models, this study provides controlled physical model evidence for understanding the seismic response of monopile‐supported OWTs near sloping seabeds. The findings provide preliminary experimental support for considering seabed topography effects in the seismic assessment of fixed‐bottom OWTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Seismic Response Mechanism and Soil–Structure Interaction of Monopile Offshore Wind Turbines Under Flat and Near‐Sloping Seabed Scenarios.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liang%2C+Bang-Yan%22">Liang, Bang-Yan</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Zhao-Zhong%22">Wang, Zhao-Zhong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yu%2C+Wen-Wen%22">Yu, Wen-Wen</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sun%2C+Wen-Huo%22">Sun, Wen-Huo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liang%2C+Yu-Jia%22">Liang, Yu-Jia</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Huang%2C+Yong-Hui%22">Huang, Yong-Hui</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> huangyh@gzhu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhao%2C+Zhipeng%22">Zhao, Zhipeng</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> zhaozhipeng@tongji.edu.cn</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Shock+%26+Vibration%22">Shock & Vibration</searchLink>. 6/17/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seismic+response%22">Seismic response</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil-structure+interaction%22">Soil-structure interaction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+dynamics%22">Structural dynamics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Building+foundations%22">Building foundations</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Offshore+wind+power+plants%22">Offshore wind power plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Piles+%26+pile+driving%22">Piles & pile driving</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Shaking+table+tests%22">Shaking table tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Submarine+topography%22">Submarine topography</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Monopile foundations are widely used in fixed‐bottom offshore wind turbines (OWTs), and their seismic response is strongly affected by pile–soil–structure interaction. Most existing studies have focused on OWTs located on flat and idealized seabeds, whereas the influence of near‐slope seabed topography has received relatively limited experimental attention. To address this gap, this study conducts small‐scale shake table tests on a monopile‐supported OWT model embedded in sand under no‐slope and near‐slope conditions. The effects of turbine orientation angle, toward‐slope and away‐slope orientations, and the distance from the pile to the slope crest are examined using structural acceleration, soil acceleration, acceleration amplification factors, and pile‐head displacement. The results show that, under no‐slope conditions, the pile‐head and tower‐top accelerations increase with the turbine orientation angle, while the soil acceleration is less sensitive to turbine eccentricity. Under near‐slope conditions, the measured soil accelerations are approximately 5%–10% higher under the toward‐slope orientation than under the away‐slope orientation. A shorter distance from the pile to the slope crest generally corresponds to a higher soil acceleration response within the tested range. Compared to previous studies based mainly on flat seabed assumptions or numerical models, this study provides controlled physical model evidence for understanding the seismic response of monopile‐supported OWTs near sloping seabeds. The findings provide preliminary experimental support for considering seabed topography effects in the seismic assessment of fixed‐bottom OWTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Shock & Vibration is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1155/vib/5535130
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Seismic response
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil-structure interaction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Structural dynamics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Building foundations
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Offshore wind power plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Piles & pile driving
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Shaking table tests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Submarine topography
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Seismic Response Mechanism and Soil–Structure Interaction of Monopile Offshore Wind Turbines Under Flat and Near‐Sloping Seabed Scenarios.
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            NameFull: Liang, Bang-Yan
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            – D: 17
              M: 06
              Text: 6/17/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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