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Absence of a Phase-Inversion Center as a Necessary Condition for the Josephson Diode Effect and Application to Strongly Spin-Polarized Magnets.

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Title: Absence of a Phase-Inversion Center as a Necessary Condition for the Josephson Diode Effect and Application to Strongly Spin-Polarized Magnets.
Authors: Nikolić, Danilo1 (AUTHOR) danilo.nikolic@uni-greifswald.de, Schulz, Niklas L.1 (AUTHOR) niklas.schulz@uni-greifswald.de, Eschrig, Matthias1 (AUTHOR) matthias.eschrig@uni-greifswald.de
Source: Journal of Low Temperature Physics. Aug2026, Vol. 222 Issue 4, p1-18. 18p.
Subjects: Josephson effect, Geometric quantum phases, Josephson junctions, Magnetic materials
Abstract: We present a set of necessary conditions for the appearance of charge and spin Josephson diode effects across strongly spin-polarized inhomogeneous magnetic materials (FM) placed between two spin-singlet superconductors. Noncoplanarity of the FM's spin texture gives rise to quantum geometric phases, Δ φ ′ , that enter the Josephson current-phase relation (CPR) similarly to the superconducting phase difference, resulting in charge and spin Josephson diode effects. Our study shows that such effects appear if the CPR possesses no phase-inversion center, achieved under the following conditions. First, noncoplanarity of the spin texture is necessary to break the spatial inversion symmetry. Second, strong spin polarization of the FM that leads to different transport characteristics for the two spin bands. Third, both spin bands have to contribute to the transport, i.e., the effect is absent in half-metallic junctions. Finally, higher harmonics in the CPR are necessary, i.e., the effect is absent in the tunneling limit. However, even in this case, the CPR must not have a phase-inversion center, which is ensured by the restriction of the quantum geometric phase to values Δ φ ′ ≠ k π / 2 , k ∈ Z . We formulate a minimal phenomenological model that incorporates all these points, qualitatively illustrating our theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Low Temperature Physics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 194722115
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  Data: Absence of a Phase-Inversion Center as a Necessary Condition for the Josephson Diode Effect and Application to Strongly Spin-Polarized Magnets.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nikolić%2C+Danilo%22">Nikolić, Danilo</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> danilo.nikolic@uni-greifswald.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schulz%2C+Niklas+L%2E%22">Schulz, Niklas L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> niklas.schulz@uni-greifswald.de</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Eschrig%2C+Matthias%22">Eschrig, Matthias</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> matthias.eschrig@uni-greifswald.de</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Low+Temperature+Physics%22">Journal of Low Temperature Physics</searchLink>. Aug2026, Vol. 222 Issue 4, p1-18. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Josephson+effect%22">Josephson effect</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geometric+quantum+phases%22">Geometric quantum phases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Josephson+junctions%22">Josephson junctions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+materials%22">Magnetic materials</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: We present a set of necessary conditions for the appearance of charge and spin Josephson diode effects across strongly spin-polarized inhomogeneous magnetic materials (FM) placed between two spin-singlet superconductors. Noncoplanarity of the FM's spin texture gives rise to quantum geometric phases, Δ φ ′ , that enter the Josephson current-phase relation (CPR) similarly to the superconducting phase difference, resulting in charge and spin Josephson diode effects. Our study shows that such effects appear if the CPR possesses no phase-inversion center, achieved under the following conditions. First, noncoplanarity of the spin texture is necessary to break the spatial inversion symmetry. Second, strong spin polarization of the FM that leads to different transport characteristics for the two spin bands. Third, both spin bands have to contribute to the transport, i.e., the effect is absent in half-metallic junctions. Finally, higher harmonics in the CPR are necessary, i.e., the effect is absent in the tunneling limit. However, even in this case, the CPR must not have a phase-inversion center, which is ensured by the restriction of the quantum geometric phase to values Δ φ ′ ≠ k π / 2 , k ∈ Z . We formulate a minimal phenomenological model that incorporates all these points, qualitatively illustrating our theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Low Temperature Physics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10909-026-03429-0
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 18
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      – SubjectFull: Josephson effect
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geometric quantum phases
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Josephson junctions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic materials
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Absence of a Phase-Inversion Center as a Necessary Condition for the Josephson Diode Effect and Application to Strongly Spin-Polarized Magnets.
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            NameFull: Schulz, Niklas L.
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            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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