Process Intensification of Oil Recovery From Brassica carinata Seeds via Microwave‐Assisted Soxhlet Extraction for Biolubricant Synthesis.

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Title: Process Intensification of Oil Recovery From Brassica carinata Seeds via Microwave‐Assisted Soxhlet Extraction for Biolubricant Synthesis.
Authors: Degaga, Yohannes Assefa1,2 (AUTHOR) yohannes.assefa@ddu.edu.et, Kassahun, Shimelis Kebede1 (AUTHOR), Tiruneh, Sintayehu Nibret1 (AUTHOR), Biswas, Arnab (AUTHOR) arnbiswas@wiley.com
Source: International Journal of Chemical Engineering (1687806X). 6/19/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-16. 16p.
Subjects: Oil & fat extraction, Extraction techniques, Fatty acid analysis, Brassica, Synthetic lubricants, Chemical stability, Monounsaturated fatty acids, Lubrication & lubricants manufacturing
Abstract: The growing demand for sustainable and eco‐friendly alternatives to petroleum‐based lubricants has prompted interest in plant‐derived oils as a potential raw material for the synthesis of biolubricants. This study explores the utilization of microwave‐assisted Soxhlet extraction (MASE) for the efficient recovery of oil from the three species of Brassica carinata seeds "Tesfa," "S‐67," and "Holeta‐1." Their physicochemical properties, fatty acid profiles, and functional groups were evaluated, alongside testing for stability and storage conditions for biolubricant application. MASE demonstrated efficient oil recovery, with yields varying between 33.4% and 44.5%, influenced by microwave power, extraction duration, and solvent‐to‐solid ratios. Among the varieties, Tesfa and S‐67 exhibited marked sensitivity to these parameters, whereas Holeta‐1 displayed consistent performance under varying conditions. Compositional analysis revealed high carbon content (75.50%–76.10%), minimal nitrogen, and notable unsaturation levels. Erucic acid (42.17%–44.17%) and oleic acid (13.33%–26.97%) dominated the fatty acid profiles, aligning with traits desirable for lubricant formulation. FTIR and GC‐MS analysis confirmed the presence of ester groups and unsaturated hydrocarbons, emphasizing their suitability for biolubricant synthesis. Stability assessments highlighted Holeta‐1's superior resistance to oxidative degradation, while Tesfa and S‐67 required controlled storage conditions to mitigate temperature and light‐induced breakdown. These findings highlight the potential of Brassica carinata seed oils as sustainable feedstocks for biolubricant production, with tailored processing strategies required to enhance their performance and stability for industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Chemical Engineering (1687806X) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
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  Data: Process Intensification of Oil Recovery From Brassica carinata Seeds via Microwave‐Assisted Soxhlet Extraction for Biolubricant Synthesis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Degaga%2C+Yohannes+Assefa%22">Degaga, Yohannes Assefa</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> yohannes.assefa@ddu.edu.et</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kassahun%2C+Shimelis+Kebede%22">Kassahun, Shimelis Kebede</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tiruneh%2C+Sintayehu+Nibret%22">Tiruneh, Sintayehu Nibret</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biswas%2C+Arnab%22">Biswas, Arnab</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<i> arnbiswas@wiley.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Chemical+Engineering+%281687806X%29%22">International Journal of Chemical Engineering (1687806X)</searchLink>. 6/19/2026, Vol. 2026, p1-16. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oil+%26+fat+extraction%22">Oil & fat extraction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Extraction+techniques%22">Extraction techniques</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fatty+acid+analysis%22">Fatty acid analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Brassica%22">Brassica</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Synthetic+lubricants%22">Synthetic lubricants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+stability%22">Chemical stability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Monounsaturated+fatty+acids%22">Monounsaturated fatty acids</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Lubrication+%26+lubricants+manufacturing%22">Lubrication & lubricants manufacturing</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The growing demand for sustainable and eco‐friendly alternatives to petroleum‐based lubricants has prompted interest in plant‐derived oils as a potential raw material for the synthesis of biolubricants. This study explores the utilization of microwave‐assisted Soxhlet extraction (MASE) for the efficient recovery of oil from the three species of Brassica carinata seeds "Tesfa," "S‐67," and "Holeta‐1." Their physicochemical properties, fatty acid profiles, and functional groups were evaluated, alongside testing for stability and storage conditions for biolubricant application. MASE demonstrated efficient oil recovery, with yields varying between 33.4% and 44.5%, influenced by microwave power, extraction duration, and solvent‐to‐solid ratios. Among the varieties, Tesfa and S‐67 exhibited marked sensitivity to these parameters, whereas Holeta‐1 displayed consistent performance under varying conditions. Compositional analysis revealed high carbon content (75.50%–76.10%), minimal nitrogen, and notable unsaturation levels. Erucic acid (42.17%–44.17%) and oleic acid (13.33%–26.97%) dominated the fatty acid profiles, aligning with traits desirable for lubricant formulation. FTIR and GC‐MS analysis confirmed the presence of ester groups and unsaturated hydrocarbons, emphasizing their suitability for biolubricant synthesis. Stability assessments highlighted Holeta‐1's superior resistance to oxidative degradation, while Tesfa and S‐67 required controlled storage conditions to mitigate temperature and light‐induced breakdown. These findings highlight the potential of Brassica carinata seed oils as sustainable feedstocks for biolubricant production, with tailored processing strategies required to enhance their performance and stability for industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Chemical Engineering (1687806X) is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1155/ijce/9598633
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Oil & fat extraction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Extraction techniques
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fatty acid analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Brassica
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Synthetic lubricants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical stability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Monounsaturated fatty acids
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Lubrication & lubricants manufacturing
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Process Intensification of Oil Recovery From Brassica carinata Seeds via Microwave‐Assisted Soxhlet Extraction for Biolubricant Synthesis.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Degaga, Yohannes Assefa
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            NameFull: Kassahun, Shimelis Kebede
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            NameFull: Tiruneh, Sintayehu Nibret
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            NameFull: Biswas, Arnab
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            – D: 19
              M: 06
              Text: 6/19/2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 1687806X
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              Value: 2026
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            – TitleFull: International Journal of Chemical Engineering (1687806X)
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