Half-grouting sleeve fullness detection using consumer-grade endoscope-based vision method and ensemble soft voting classifier.

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Title: Half-grouting sleeve fullness detection using consumer-grade endoscope-based vision method and ensemble soft voting classifier.
Authors: Wu, Yanqi1,2 (AUTHOR), Huang, Zhengrong3 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Jian2,4 (AUTHOR) jian@seu.edu.cn, Zhang, Xinyu2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation. Jul2026, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p4221-4241. 21p.
Subjects: Image recognition (Computer vision), Quality control, Construction materials, Machine learning, Engineering inspection, Deep learning
Abstract: As a commonly used connection method for prefabricated components, sleeve grouting connections play a crucial role in the quality, safety, and durability of these structures. Given that current grouting quality detection methods are mostly qualitative and that industrial endoscopes for quantitative detection are costly, this paper proposes a half-sleeve grouting fullness detection method based on consumer-grade endoscopes and deep learning. By utilising pre-embedded plastic pipes as channels for endoscope inspection, intelligent recognition of grouting fullness at inspection sites is achieved through an ensemble soft voting classifier (ESVC) trained on collected endoscopic images. This method delivers high detection accuracy while reducing the subjectivity of manual interpretation. Based on accurate localisation of the upper surface of the grout and variations in endoscope insertion depth, the proposed approach can effectively quantify the fullness index under incomplete grouting conditions. This detection process is expected to shift traditional sleeve grouting quality control from 'post-detection' to 'process monitoring', providing essential data support for timely repair decisions and ensuring grouting continuity. The approach establishes an effective closed loop between detection and repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Half-grouting sleeve fullness detection using consumer-grade endoscope-based vision method and ensemble soft voting classifier.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Nondestructive+Testing+%26+Evaluation%22">Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 41 Issue 7, p4221-4241. 21p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Image+recognition+%28Computer+vision%29%22">Image recognition (Computer vision)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Quality+control%22">Quality control</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construction+materials%22">Construction materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Machine+learning%22">Machine learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Engineering+inspection%22">Engineering inspection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deep+learning%22">Deep learning</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: As a commonly used connection method for prefabricated components, sleeve grouting connections play a crucial role in the quality, safety, and durability of these structures. Given that current grouting quality detection methods are mostly qualitative and that industrial endoscopes for quantitative detection are costly, this paper proposes a half-sleeve grouting fullness detection method based on consumer-grade endoscopes and deep learning. By utilising pre-embedded plastic pipes as channels for endoscope inspection, intelligent recognition of grouting fullness at inspection sites is achieved through an ensemble soft voting classifier (ESVC) trained on collected endoscopic images. This method delivers high detection accuracy while reducing the subjectivity of manual interpretation. Based on accurate localisation of the upper surface of the grout and variations in endoscope insertion depth, the proposed approach can effectively quantify the fullness index under incomplete grouting conditions. This detection process is expected to shift traditional sleeve grouting quality control from 'post-detection' to 'process monitoring', providing essential data support for timely repair decisions and ensuring grouting continuity. The approach establishes an effective closed loop between detection and repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Nondestructive Testing & Evaluation is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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        Value: 10.1080/10589759.2025.2518593
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Quality control
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Construction materials
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      – SubjectFull: Machine learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Engineering inspection
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Deep learning
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Half-grouting sleeve fullness detection using consumer-grade endoscope-based vision method and ensemble soft voting classifier.
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            NameFull: Wu, Yanqi
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            NameFull: Huang, Zhengrong
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            NameFull: Zhang, Jian
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            NameFull: Zhang, Xinyu
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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